Friday, June 22, 2018


Tomfoolery often turns up in print as Tom foolery or tom-foolery or Tom-foolery.  It is sometimes claimed that the original Tom Fool was Thomas Skelton.  He was a jester, a fool, for the Pennington family at Muncaster Castle in Cumbria.  This was probably about 1600—he is said to be the model for the jester in Shakespeare’s King Lear of 1606.  He starts appearing in the historical record early in the 1300s in the Latinate form Thomas fatuus.  The first part served even then as a generic term for any ordinary person, as it still does in phrases like Tom, Dick or Harry.  The second word means stupid or foolish in Latin and has bequeathed us fatuous and infatuate, among other words.  By 1356 Thomas fatuus had become Tom Fool.  Around the seventeenth century, the character of Tom Fool shifted somewhat from the epitome of a stupid or half-witted person to that of a fool or buffoon.  He became a character who accompanied morris-dancers or formed part of the cast of various British mummers’ plays performed at Christmas, Easter or All Souls’ Day.  tom-fool was more emphatically foolish than an unadorned fool.  Tomfoolery was similarly worse than foolery, the state of acting foolishly, which had been in English since the sixteenth century.  Perhaps oddly, it took until about 1800 for tomfoolery to appear.  It had been preceded by the verb to tom-fool, to play the fool.  http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-tom2.htm

The praline (originally "prasline", pronounced "prah-leen") is believed to have been named after the French diplomat and sugar industrialist "Marèchal du Plessis-Praslin (1598-1675), whose cook, Clement Lassagne reportedly invented pralines at the Chateau de Vaux-le-Vicomte.  The cook, after retiring, established the "Maison de la Praline", a confectioner's shop that still exists today in Montargis, France, approximately 110 km south of Paris.  Pralines are confections made chiefly from nuts and sugar.  In France, almonds are individually coated in delicately caramelized sugar.  The French pralines found their way to New Orleans in the 1800's.  http://www.rosemaryspecanpralines.com/history/

The rules of 7-on-7 football are simple:  Games are 20 minutes, with seven players on each side of the ball, starting at each team’s 40-yard line.  There is no tackling, there are no linemen, and players dress in skintight shirts and shorts with soft-shell headgear.  Quarterbacks have only four seconds to throw to a receiver, while defenders match up with pass-catchers in coverage, putting each athlete to the test in one-on-one scenarios.  The varying opinions on 7-on-7, however, are more complicated, with critics—often while making the AAU comparison—primarily pointing to two factors as being problematic:  a “me-first” culture that promotes individual players far more than high school football’s traditional team-first approach, and an increased influence of some 7-on-7 coaches in the college recruitment of top players.  Another factor that raises eyebrows is the involvement of apparel companies.  Adidas, Under Armour and Battle provide equipment to select teams, while Adidas runs some of its own events, such as the Adidas 7-on-7 National Championships.  But many say the comparison of apparel companies’ role in 7-on-7 to that in AAU basketball, which has been scrutinized amid the FBI’s investigation, is unfair.  Samantha Pell  Read much more and see pictures at https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/sports/wp/2018/06/11/feature/as-7-on-7-football-gains-popularity-some-high-school-coaches-want-it-banned/?utm_term=.0cc75af3c1a0  See also OFFICIAL USA FOOTBALL 7ON7 RULES at https://assets.usafootball.com/7on7/RulesandScoring.pdf

Escape of the invasives:  Top six invasive plant species in the United States by Emily Grebenstein   Non-native plant species pose a significant threat to the natural ecosystems of the United States.  Many of these invasive plants are escapees from gardens and landscapes where they were originally planted.  Purchased at local nurseries, wholesale suppliers and elsewhere, these plants have the potential of taking over large areas, affecting native plants and animals and negatively changing the ecosystem.  In recent years an increase in travel and international trade has rapidly introduced many new non-native species to the United States.  “While not all non-native plants are bad, some imported species are bullies that crowd out native plants and damage the diverse ecosystems that many living things depend on,” said James Gagliardi, a horticulturist with Smithsonian Gardens.  Plants with the highest invasive potential are prolific seeders and vigorous growers which have the ability to adapt well to a variety of conditions.  Native species have not evolved alongside these plants and have trouble competing.  With few predators and little competition for resources, these new plants can displace native flora, reducing plant diversity until a landscape is no longer able  to support longstanding native plant, animal, and insect communities.  Here is James Gagliardi’s top six list of the most prolific plant invaders in the U.S.  1.  Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)  2.  Japanese Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica)  3.  Japanese Barberry (Berberis thunbergii)  4.  Norway Maple (Acer platanoides)  5.  English Ivy (Hedera helix)  6.  Kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata)  See article at https://insider.si.edu/2013/04/top-six-invasive-plant-species-in-the-united-states/ to find suggestions for native stand-ins to plant in your garden.  See also https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/databases.shtml#invpl

Beef Stew with Red Wine & Carrots (Daube de Boeuf aux Carottes) by Molly Stevens  Very simply, a daube (pronounced dohb) is a red-wine-based beef or lamb stew.  This type of dish has countless flavor permutations, of course, but the most famous (and my favorite) is the Provençal daube, seasoned with local herbs and a bit of orange zest.  The orange was originally the bitter Seville orange, but you can make a fine daube with a few strips of navel orange (add a strip of lemon, too, if you want to sharpen the flavor).  Find recipe serving six at https://www.finecooking.com/recipe/beef-stew-with-red-wine-carrots-daube-de-boeuf-aux-carottes

The American Solar Challenge is governed by the Innovators Educational Foundation.  Originally called Sunrayce USA, the first race was organized and sponsored by General Motors in 1990 in an effort to promote automotive engineering and solar energy among college students.  At the time, GM had just won the inaugural World Solar Challenge in Australia in 1987; rather than continue actively racing, it instead opted to sponsor collegiate events.  Subsequent races were held in 1993, 1995, 1997 and 1999 under the name Sunrayce [year] (e.g. Sunrayce 93).  In 2001, the race was renamed American Solar Challenge and was sponsored by the United States Department of Energy and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.  Beginning in 2005, its name changed again to North American Solar Challenge, in order to reflect the border crossing into Canada and the addition of co-sponsor Natural Resources Canada.  The name was changed back to ASC in 2010.  After the 2005 race, the U.S. Department of Energy discontinued its sponsorship, resulting in no scheduled race for 2007.  Sponsorship was taken over for NASC 2008 by Toyota.  The 2018 American Solar Challenge will be the first to include a Cruiser Class, featuring more practical multi-occupant Solar Vehicles.  The event will run 9 days from OmahaNebraska to BendOregon.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Solar_Challenge

To blame the poor for subsisting on welfare has no justice unless we are also willing to judge every rich member of society by how productive he or she is.  Taken individual by individual, it is likely that there's more idleness and abuse of government favors among the economically privileged than among the ranks of the disadvantaged. - Norman Mailer, author (31 Jan 1923-2007)

More than 900 new words, senses, and subentries have been added to the Oxford English Dictionary in our latest update, including binge-watchimpostor syndrome, and silent generation.   Coinciding with the 90th anniversary of the publication of The House at Pooh Corner, several words from Winnie-the-Pooh have also been added to the OED in this update.  Read more about this here.  This update also sees the addition of a number of Manx English words, such as joughtholtan, and buggane.   Find out more about the Manx dialect in this article by Senior Assistant Editor Kelvin Corlett, and read more about the Manx English pronunciation model that has also been added.  View the full list of words added in this update.   The OED publishes four updates a year. The next update will be added to the dictionary in September 2018.

http://librariansmuse.blogspot.com  Issue 1907  June 22, 2018  Thought for Today  The most exhausting thing in life is being insincere. - Anne Morrow Lindbergh, writer (22 Jun 1906-2001)

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