The candela (symbol: cd) is the base unit of luminous intensity in
the International
System of Units (SI);
that is, luminous power per unit solid angle emitted by a point light
source in a particular direction.
Luminous intensity is analogous to radiant intensity, but instead of simply
adding up the contributions of every wavelength of light in the source's
spectrum, the contribution of each wavelength is weighted by the standard luminosity function (a
model of the sensitivity of the human eye to different wavelengths). A
common wax candle emits light with a luminous
intensity of roughly one candela. If
emission in some directions is blocked by an opaque barrier, the emission would
still be approximately one candela in the directions that are not
obscured. The word candela means candle in Latin. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candela See also https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/si-brochure/candela.html
How a Mosquito Operates is a 1912 silent animated film by American
cartoonist Winsor McCay. The six-minute short depicts a giant mosquito tormenting a sleeping man. The film is one of the earliest works of
animation, and its technical quality is considered far ahead of its
contemporaries. It is also known under the titles The Story of a Mosquito and Winsor McCay and his Jersey Skeeters. McCay had a reputation for his proficient
drawing skills, best remembered in the elaborate cartooning of the children's
comic strip Little Nemo in Slumberland
he began in 1905. He delved into the
emerging art of animation with the film Little Nemo (1911),
and followed its success by adapting an episode of his comic strip Dream of the
Rarebit Fiend into How a Mosquito Operates. McCay gave the film a more coherent story and
more developed characterization than in the Nemo film, with
naturalistic timing, motion, and weight in the animation. He further developed the character animation he
introduced in Mosquito with his best-known animated
work, Gertie the Dinosaur (1914). See the June 5, 1909, episode of his Dream of the
Rarebit Fiend comic strip that the film is based on and link to How a Mosquito Operates (1912) at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_a_Mosquito_Operates
"If
you can't verify, then you can't vilify." Murder Season by Robert Ellis, #3 in the Lena
Gamble series of novels
Robert
Ellis (born
1954) is an American writer of crime fiction. Ellis was born in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, and encouraged by his parents to embrace the arts. In his teens, Ellis played rhythm guitar in
numerous garage bands, and managed the kitchen at The Main Point, a nightclub in Bryn Mawr,
Pennsylvania, where he had the opportunity to meet and hang out with blues and
jazz greats like Muddy Waters, Chick Corea, Al Di Meola, and Larry Coryell, among others. Still haunted by the murder of a
fifteen-year-old girl near his home as a boy, Ellis's interest in crime fiction
began to evolve with the films of Alfred Hitchcock and books by Sir Arthur Conan
Doyle, John Buchan,
and Dashiell Hammett. Soon he gave up music to write and study
filmmaking, and began skipping classes at Conestoga High School to
attend murder trials. These experiences
became short stories, with Ellis sharing the position of co-editor of the
school newspaper. Ellis attended Ohio University in Athens, Ohio, majoring
in film and philosophy, and graduating summa cum laude. After surviving a catastrophic car crash by a
tractor-trailer, he turned to screenwriting and studied with Walter Tevis, author of The Hustler, The Color of Money,
and The Man
Who Fell to Earth. His
first film, The Great Lake States, written and co-produced
for National
Geographic, took more than a year to photograph and included
breaking ice with the U.S. Coast Guard and working with
the Menominee Tribe of
Wisconsin. The film won Best
Educational Documentary at the New York Film
Festival. His work in film
continued, particularly in advertising where he won a regional Emmy in
Philadelphia for CBS News. By his own
account, everything changed for Ellis when he was assigned the task of
gathering surveillance footage of a mobster running for political office in a
New Jersey ghetto. While Ellis and a
collaborator hid on the third floor of a parking garage with a long-lens
camera, the subject walked outside, stepped away from the building, looked
straight up at the lens and froze. Says
Ellis, "He thought the camera was a rifle. For a split second, he thought he was dead. And in a single instant, I realized that the
horrific world Dashiell Hammett described so perfectly was alive and well and
always would be." Ellis began
working on Access to Power, the screenplay that would later become
his first novel, the following day. See
list of novels and link to his blog at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Ellis_(author)
Norman Levi Bowen FRS (1887–1956) was a Canadian geologist. Bowen "revolutionized
experimental petrology and our
understanding of mineral crystallization". Beginning geology students are familiar with Bowen's
reaction series depicting
how different minerals crystallize under varying pressures and
temperatures." Bowen
conducted experimental research at the Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science of Washington from 1912 to 1937. He published The Evolution of the
Igneous Rocks in 1928. This
book set the stage for a geochemical and geophysical foundation for the study of rocks and
minerals. This book became the petrology
handbook. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_L._Bowen See
also Rock Stars at https://www.geosociety.org/gsatoday/archive/8/5/pdf/i1052-5173-8-5-10.pdf
The Hawaiian Islands are the most isolated inhabited
island chain in the world, located 2,390 miles southwest of California. It
surprises many people to learn that the Hawaiian Islands are in the northern
hemisphere. However, they are closer to the equator than to any other
land mass. Each island was formed by a mountainous volcano or group of
volcanoes that expelled lava to create land which finally rose above the ocean
surface. Much of the tropical flora growing here is found only in the
Hawaiian Islands. Find interesting
facts such as state flower, bird, fish, mammal, tree and gem at http://www.hawaiitips.com/Hawaii_Facts.html
Hawaii has the southernmost geographic
center of all the states. Florida has the southernmost geographic
center of the 48 contiguous states. Island of Hawaiʻi, Hawaiʻi 19°49′15″N 155°28′5″W – most extensive island in all
U.S. territory at 4,028 square miles (10,430 km2) and tallest
island in all U.S. territory and the entire Pacific Ocean at 13,796 feet
(4,205 m) Geographic center of the 50 states: approximately 20 miles (32 km) north
of Belle Fourche,
South Dakota,
44°58′N 103°46′W Geographic center of the 48 contiguous states: approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Lebanon, Kansas, 39°50′N 98°35′W Closest
to the equator: Baker Island is
at 0°11′41″N 176°28′46″W
Alaska has the northernmost geographic
center of all the states. North Dakota has the northernmost
geographic center of the 48 contiguous states.
Boston, Massachusetts – easternmost major
U.S. city (more than 500,000 residents) Hawaii has
the westernmost geographic center of all the states. Oregon has the westernmost geographic
center of the 48 contiguous states. Denali, Alaska 63°4′9″N 151°0′23″W – highest summit in the United
States, all US territories, and North America at 20,310 feet
(6,190.5 m) State
of Delaware 39°0′17″N 75°32′46″W – lowest
state, with an average elevation of 60 feet (18 m)
Brighten up the week with a recipe for Chicken, Lentil
& Fresh Turmeric Soup from the
book Chetna's Healthy Indian by Chetna Makan.
This recipe teaches a classic Indian technique you can use in any
recipe, whether French or Italian or Tex-Mex.
Spices are sizzled in oil to release their flavors and then sautéed with
onion, ginger, garlic and tomatoes until they are soft and saucy. That sauce is the flavor base that brings to
life the lentils and chicken. Top it as
Chetna suggests with a dollop of yogurt, and we are certain you will have a
brighter outlook on the week. https://www.splendidtable.org/recipes/chicken-lentil-fresh-turmeric-soup
US mathematician Karen Keskulla Uhlenbeck has won the
2019 Abel Prize—one of the field’s
most prestigious awards—for her wide-ranging work in analysis, geometry and
mathematical physics. Uhlenbeck is the first
woman to win the 6-million-kroner (US$702,500) prize, which is given out by the
Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, since it was first awarded in 2003. Uhlenbeck is legendary for her skill with
partial differential equations, which link variable quantities and their rates
of change, and are at the heart of most
physical laws. But her long career
has stretched across many fields, and she has used the equations to solve
problems in geometry and topology. One
of her most influential results—and the one that she says she’s most proud of—is
the discovery of a phenomenon called bubbling, as part of seminal work she did
with mathematician Jonathan Sacks. Sacks
and Uhlenbeck were studying ‘minimal surfaces’, the
mathematical theory of how soap films arrange themselves into shapes that
minimize their energy. But the theory
had been marred by the appearance of points at which energy appeared to become
infinitely concentrated. Uhlenbeck’s
insight was to ‘zoom in’ on those points to show that this was caused by a new
bubble splitting off the surface. She
applied similar techniques to do foundational work in the mathematical theory
of gauge fields, a generalization of the theory of classical electromagnetic
fields, which underlies the standard
model of particle physics. Karen Keskulla was born in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1942,
and grew up in part in New Jersey, intensely interested in learning. “I read all of the books on science in the
library and was frustrated when there was nothing left to read,” she wrote in a
1996 autobiographical essay. In 1990,
she gave a plenary speech at the International Congress of Mathematicians—the
only woman to have done so apart from Emmy Noether, the founder of modern algebra, who spoke at the 1932 meeting. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00932-1
http://librariansmuse.blogspot.com Issue 2077
April 10, 2019
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