Friday, June 12, 2015

A leap second will be added on June 30, 2015 23:59:60 UTC.  A leap second is a second which is added to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) in order to synchronize atomic clocks with astronomical time to within 0.9 seconds.  The reason we have to add a second every now and then, is that Earth's rotation around its own axis, is gradually slowing down, although very slowly.  Atomic clocks however, are programmed to tick away at pretty much the same speed over millions of years.  The last leap second was added at 23:59:60 UTC on June 30, 2012.  Since 1972, a total of 25 seconds have been added.  This means that the Earth has slowed down 25 seconds compared to atomic time since then.  http://www.timeanddate.com/time/leapseconds.html  See also http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/leapsec.html

P is not always pronounced P  Ph=F (phone)  Ps=S (psalm)  Pt=T (pterosaur)

Pterosaurs first appeared in the late Triassic period and roamed the skies until the end of the Cretaceous (228 to 66 million years ago), according to an article published in 2008 in the German scientific journal Zitteliana.  Pterosaurs lived among the dinosaurs and became extinct around the same time, but they were not dinosaurs.  Rather, pterosaurs were flying reptiles.  Modern birds didn't descend from pterosaurs; their ancestors were small, feathered, terrestrial dinosaurs.  The first pterosaur discovered was Pterodactylus, identified in 1784 by Italian scientist Cosimo Collini, who thought he had discovered a marine creature that used its wings as paddles.  A French naturalist, Georges Cuvier, proposed that the creatures could fly in 1801, and then later coined the term "Ptero-dactyle" in 1809 after the discovery of a fossil skeleton in Bavaria, Germany.  This was the term used until scientists realized they were finding different genera of flying reptiles.  However, "pterodactyl" stuck as the popular term.  Pterodactylus comes from the Greek word pterodaktulos, meaning "winged finger," which is an apt description of its flying apparatus.  The primary component of the wings of Pterodactylus and other pterosaurs were made up of a skin and muscle membrane that stretched from the animals' highly elongated fourth fingers of the hands to the hind limbs.

A child’s listening level is usually 2-3 grade levels above their reading level.  Reading together is a great time for parents to bond with their children and will provide opportunities for meaningful discussion.  It will become a time you and your child look forward to each night.  Don’t restrict your child’s reading material to only books.  Provide the chance to read other types of materials (magazines, comics, newspapers, atlases, recipes, game instructions, etc.).  This will allow them to discover several reading materials of interest.  For more leveled books, see http://orgs.bloomu.edu/americareads/leveledbooks/leveledbooks.html and www.reallygoodstuffreading.com.  Find a guided reading level list at http://hanover.k12.va.us/rpes/reading/Leveled%20Book%20List%20_summer_.pdf

Author James Patterson is primarily known for his lengthy list of bestselling thrillers, but he has recently been making a name for himself as a philanthropist.  In March 2015, Patterson announced he would give $1.5 million to school libraries around the nation through small $1,000–$10,000 grants that can be used for any kind of repair or improvement.  Read interview with James Patterson by Megan Cottrell at http://americanlibrariesmagazine.org/2015/06/04/newsmaker-james-patterson/

June 6, 2015  Dan Roberts – The Guardian UK – “In the hours before US senators voted to take on the might of the National Security Agency this week, their inboxes were deluged with more than 2,200 supportive emails from a most unlikely group of revolutionaries:  America’s librarians. The first politician to discover the danger of underestimating what happens when you have thousands of librarians on your case was attorney general John Ashcroft who, in 2003, accused the American Library Association of “baseless hysteria” and ridiculed their protests against the Patriot Act.  US libraries were once protected from blanket requests for records of what their patrons were reading or viewing online, but the legislation rushed through after after 9/11 threatened to wreck this tradition of confidentiality in ways that presaged later discoveries of bulk telephone and internet record collection.  In 2005, four librarians from Connecticut also successfully fought a FBI request to use national security letters to seize reading records and hard-drives, forcing the government to drop the case and back off.  http://www.bespacific.com/nsa-surveillance-how-librarians-have-been-on-the-front-line-to-protect-privacy/

Librarian of Congress James H. Billington announced June 10, 2015 the appointment of Juan Felipe Herrera as the Library’s 21st Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry, for 2015-2016.  Herrera will take up his duties in the fall, participating in the Library of Congress National Book Festival on Saturday, September 5 and opening the Library’s annual literary season with a reading of his work at the Coolidge Auditorium on Tuesday, September 15"I see in Herrera’s poems the work of an American original—work that takes the sublimity and largesse of "Leaves of Grass" and expands upon it," Billington said.  "His poems engage in a serious sense of play—in language and in image—that I feel gives them enduring power.  I see how they champion voices, traditions and histories, as well as a cultural perspective, which is a vital part of our larger American identity."  Herrera, who succeeds Charles Wright as Poet Laureate, is the first Hispanic poet to serve in the position.  He said, "This is a mega-honor for me, for my family and my parents who came up north before and after the Mexican Revolution of 1910—the honor is bigger than me.  I want to take everything I have in me, weave it, merge it with the beauty that is in the Library of Congress, all the resources, the guidance of the staff and departments, and launch it with the heart-shaped dreams of the people.  It is a miracle of many of us coming together."  Herrera joins a long line of distinguished poets who have served in the position, including Natasha Trethewey, Philip Levine, W. S. Merwin, Kay Ryan, Charles Simic, Donald Hall, Ted Kooser, Louise Glück, Billy Collins, Stanley Kunitz, Robert Pinsky, Robert Hass and Rita Dove.  The new Poet Laureate is the author of 28 books of poetry, novels for young adults and collections for children, most recently "Portraits of Hispanic American Heroes" (2014), a picture book showcasing inspirational Hispanic and Latino Americans.  His most recent book of poems is "Senegal Taxi" (2013).

June 11, 2015  About 15 years ago, the late crime novelist Elmore Leonard drew up a list of 10 rules for writing.  They were characteristically succinct, and included such maxims as “Never open a book with weather” and “Never use a verb other than ‘said’ to carry dialogue.”  They were slyly funny as well:  “Never use an adverb to modify the verb ‘said’…he admonished gravely,” read one.  Half a century earlier, however, as a young writer and father of four in a suburb of Detroit, the author was breaking his own rules left and right.  A new collection, “Charlie Martz and Other Stories: The Unpublished Stories,” out from William Morrow next week, brings together 15 short stories, 11 previously unpublished, from Mr. Leonard’s early career.  Written in the mid-1950s through the early 1960s, when the author was in his early 30s, the short works show a writer struggling to refine his voice—what he called his “sound.”  This is “Elmore unfiltered, warts and all,” said the author’s son Peter Leonard, who helped put the collection together.  Anna Russell  http://www.wsj.com/articles/when-elmore-leonard-broke-his-own-rules-1434042233

http://librariansmuse.blogspot.com  Issue 1309  June 12, 2015  On this date in 1550, the city of Helsinki, Finland (belonging to Sweden at the time) was founded by King Gustav I of Sweden.  On this date in 1665, England installed a municipal government in New York City (the former Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam).

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