Grandfather clock, also called longcase clock, a tall pendulum clock enclosed in a wooden case that stands upon the floor and is typically 1.8 to 2.3 metres (6 to 7.5 feet) in height.  The name grandfather clock was adopted after the song “Grandfather’s Clock,” written in 1876 by Henry Clay Work, became popular.  One form of early pendulum clock was wall-mounted but, because of its heavy lead weights, probably difficult to secure.  It is believed that the grandfather clock was developed to support these heavier clock mechanisms.  Jonathan D. Betts  https://www.britannica.com/technology/grandfather-clock

Johnny Cash - My Grandfathers Clock  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yCFXhn9mMB0  3:05  My Grandfather's Clock - Tom Roush  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6SR0mY2nOQ  4:49  Grandfather's Clock - A.Fernie - Euphonium:  Glyn Williams  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fx8jhRBIbak  5:32

folio noun  (1)  A leaf of a book or manuscript.  (2)  A page of a book, that is, one side of a leaf of a book.  (3)  (printing)   A page number.  The even folios are on the left-hand pages and the odd folios on the right-hand pages.  (4)  (paper)  A sheet of paper folded in half.  (5) (books)  A book made of sheets of paper each folded in half (two leaves or four pages to the sheet); hence, a book of the largest kind, exceeding 30 cm in height.  (6) (accounting)  A page in an account book; sometimes, two opposite pages bearing the same serial number.  (7)  (law, dated, 19th to early 20th century)  A leaf containing a certain number of words; hence, a certain number of words in a writing, as in England, in law proceedings 72, and in chancery, 90; in New York, 100 words.  Wiktionary

We recently flew in to Rapid City, South Dakota, located in the "banana belt" of the state.  It gets less snow than Denver, more sun than Miami and Honolulu, and is warmer than Minneapolis.  Rapid City is 3, 241 feet above sea level and--at a latitude of 44.08N and longitude of 103.23W--is about 60 miles northwest of the geographic center of the United States.  Our first day of traveling included trips to three attractions:  

(1)  Mount Rushmore National Memorial  Originally known to the Lakota Sioux as "The Six Grandfathers", the mountain was renamed after Charles E. Rushmore, a prominent New York lawyer, during an expedition in 1885.  The carving started in 1927, and ended in 1941 with no fatalities.  The original plan was to perform the carvings in granite pillars known as the Needles.  However, Borglum realized that the eroded Needles were too thin to support sculpting.  He chose Mount Rushmore, a grander location, partly because it faced southeast and enjoyed maximum exposure to the sun.  Borglum said upon seeing Mount Rushmore, "America will march along that skyline."  Congress authorized the Mount Rushmore National Memorial Commission on March 3, 1925.  President Coolidge insisted that, along with Washington, two Republicans and one Democrat be portrayed.  Gutzon Borglum and 400 workers sculpted the colossal 60 foot (18 m) high carvings of U.S. presidents George Washington,Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, and Abraham Lincoln to represent the first 130 years of American history.  These presidents were selected by Borglum because of their role in preserving the Republic and expanding its territory.  See pictures at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rushmore 

(2)  Crazy Horse Memorial   Korczak Ziolkowski, a noted New England sculptor, first came to the Black Hills in 1939 to help Gutzon Borglum on Mount Rushmore.  That year Korczak also won first prize for his Carrara marble portrait, “PADEREWSKI, Study of an Immortal,” at the New York World’s Fair.  On May 3, 1947, Korczak Ziolkowski returned to the sacred Black Hills to create a monument of Crazy Horse.  He came at the invitation of Ogala Lakota Chief Henry Standing Bear to carve a memorial honoring all North American Indians.  The first blast on the mountain came on June 3, 1948.  Five survivors of the Battle of the Little Bighorn attended.  https://crazyhorsememorial.org/faq-main.html  

(3)  Custer State Park in the Black Hills encompasses 71,000 acres of spectacular terrain and an abundance of wildlife.  A herd of 1,300 bison roams freely throughout the park, often stopping traffic along the 18-mile Wildlife Loop Road.  The herd is one of the largest publicly-owned herds in the world.  Besides bison, the park is home to wildlife such as pronghorn antelope, mountain goats, bighorn sheep, deer, elk, wild turkeys, and a band of friendly burros.  https://gfp.sd.gov/state-parks/directory/custer/

South Dakota is a state located in the north-central United States.  It is usually considered to be in the Midwestern region of the country.  The state can generally be divided into three geographic regions:  eastern South Dakota, western South Dakota, and the Black Hills.  Eastern South Dakota is lower in elevation and higher in precipitation than the western part of the state, and the Black Hills are a low, isolated mountain group in the southwestern corner of the state.  See graphics including monthly average high and low temperatures for the cities of Aberdeen, Huron, Rapid City and Sioux Falls at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_South_Dakota

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Midwest Region consists of: 

East North Central Division:  Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio and Wisconsin  West North Central Division:  Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota and South Dakota  Find states in the Northeast, South and West regions at http://www.census.gov/econ/census/help/geography/regions_and_divisions.html

Columbus Day is a national holiday in many countries in the Americas and elsewhere which officially celebrates the anniversary of Christopher Columbus' arrival in and the discovery of the American Continent on October 12, 1492.  The landing is celebrated as "Columbus Day" in the United States, as "Día de la Raza" ("Day of the Race") in many countries in Latin America and as "Día de la Hispanidad" and "Fiesta Nacional" in Spain, where it is also the religious festivity of la Virgen del Pilar.  It is also celebrated as Día de las Américas (Day of the Americas) in Belize and Uruguay, as Discovery Day in the Bahamas, as Día del Respeto a la Diversidad Cultural (Day of Respect for Cultural Diversity) in Argentina and as Giornata Nazionale di Cristoforo Colombo or Festa Nazionale di Cristoforo Colombo in Italy and in the Little Italys around the world.  These holidays have been celebrated unofficially since the late 18th century and officially in various countries since the early 20th century.  Columbus Day first became an official state holiday in Colorado in 1906, and became a federal holiday in the United States in 1937, though people have celebrated Columbus's voyage since the colonial period.  In 1792, New York City and other U.S. cities celebrated the 300th anniversary of his landing in the New World.  President Benjamin Harrison called upon the people of the United States to celebrate Columbus Day on the 400th anniversary of the event.  Many Italian-Americans observe Columbus Day as a celebration of their heritage, the first occasion being in New York City on October 12, 1866.  

Columbus Day was first enshrined as a legal holiday in the United States through the lobbying of Angelo Noce, a first generation Italian, in Denver.  The first statewide Columbus Day holiday was proclaimed by Colorado governor Jesse F. McDonald in 1905, and it was made a statutory holiday in 1907.  In April 1934, as a result of lobbying by the Knights of Columbus and New York City Italian leader Generoso Pope, Congress and President Franklin Delano Roosevelt proclaimed October 12 a federal holiday under the name Columbus Day.  Since 1970 (Oct. 12), the holiday has been fixed to the second Monday in October, coincidentally exactly the same day as Thanksgiving in neighboring Canada fixed since 1959.  The U.S. states of Hawaii, Alaska, Oregon, and South Dakota do not recognize Columbus Day at all; however, Hawaii and South Dakota mark the day with an alternative holiday or observance.  Hawaii celebrates Discoverers' Day, which commemorates the Polynesian discoverers of Hawaii on the same date, the second Monday of October, though the name change has not ended protest related to the observance of Columbus' discovery.  The state government does not treat either Columbus Day or Discoverers' Day as a legal holiday;  state, city and county government offices and schools are open for business.  On the other hand, South Dakota celebrates the day as an official state holiday known as "Native American Day" rather than Columbus Day.  Oregon does not recognize Columbus Day, neither as a holiday nor a commemoration; schools and public offices remain open.  Two additional states, Iowa and Nevada, do not celebrate Columbus Day as an official holiday, but the states' respective governors are "authorized and requested" by statute to proclaim the day each year.  Several other states have removed Columbus Day as a paid holiday for government workers while still maintaining Columbus Day either as a day of recognition or a legal holiday for other purposes.  These include California and Texas.  The city of Berkeley, California, has replaced Columbus Day with Indigenous People's Day since 1992, a move which has been followed by multiple other localities including Sebastopol and Santa Cruz, California; Dane County, Wisconsin; Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Minnesota; Seattle, Washington; Missoula, Montana; and Cambridge, Massachusetts.  Various tribal governments in Oklahoma designate the day "Native American Day", or name the day after their own tribe.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbus_Day  NOTE that Columbus never set foot on North America.

http://librariansmuse.blogspot.com  Issue 1535  October 10, 2016  On this date in 1971, sold, dismantled and moved to the United States, London Bridge reopened in Lake Havasu City, Arizona.  On this date in 1973,Vice President of the United States Spiro Agnew resigned after being charged with evasion of federal income tax.