Wednesday, November 25, 2015

When I read some of the rules for speaking & writing the English language correctly—as that a sentence must never end with a particle—& perceive how implicitly even the learned obey it, I think—Any fool can make a rule And every fool will mind it.  February 3, 1860  Henry David Thoreau  https://sniggle.net/TPL/index5.php?entry=excerpts13 

GRAMMATICAL PARTICIPLES  Traditional meaning:  A particle is a part of speech which cannot be inflected, that is it can be neither declined nor conjugated.  Particles are the adverb, the preposition, the conjunction and the interjectionModern meaningIn modern grammar, a particle is a function word that must be associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning.  Particles are a separate part of speech and are distinct from other classes of function words, such as articles, prepositions, conjunctions and adverbs.  Particles are typically words that encode grammatical categories (such as negation, mood, tense, or case), clitics, or fillers or (oral) discourse markers such as well, um, etc.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_particle

RIME  compose rhymes, be similar in sound, especially with respect to the last syllable "hat and cat rhyme," correspondence in the sounds of two or more lines (especially final sounds), ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)  WordNet 3.6
See other definitions, etymology and usage at http://www.finedictionary.com/rime.html
Read eight-page article "Rime and Reason" by J. W. Rankin PMLA Vol. 44, No. 4 (Dec., 1929), pp. 997-1004 at http://www.jstor.org/stable/457706?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

The cutting of huge figures or geoglyphs into the turf of English hillsides has been going on for more than 3000 years.  There are 56 hill figures scattered around England, with the vast majority on the chalk downlands of the southern part of the country.  The figures include giants, horses, crosses and regimental badges.  Though the majority of these glyphs date within the last three hundred years or so there are one or two that are much older.  The most famous of these figures is perhaps also the most mysterious, the Uffington White Horse in Oxfordshire.  The White Horse has recently been redated and shown to be even older than its previously assigned ancient pre-Roman Iron Age date.   More controversial are the Cerne Abbot Giant in Dorset and the enigmatic Long Man of Wilmington in Sussex.  Compared to the huge stone permanence of structures like the Avebury Monuments and Stonehenge, hill figures are much more transitory, ten or twenty years without scouring and the carving could be lost forever.  Brian Haughton  Read more and see pictures at http://www.ancient.eu/article/229/

A Parade of Monuments by Kenneth Chang   The story of Britain starts at the end of the last ice age.  In the cold, Britain emptied of people.  With so much ocean water frozen in glaciers, sea level was lower, and Britain was connected to the rest of Europe.  As the world warmed, they walked back until rising waters severed the land bridge.  Around 3800 B.C. the first large monuments appeared—rectangular mounds known as long barrows that served as burial chambers.  Around 3500 B.C., a two-mile-long, 100-yard-wide ditch was dug close to the Stonehenge site, what is known as the Stonehenge Cursus.  (Cursus is Latin for racetrack; the discoverer in the 18th century thought it was a Roman racetrack.)  The first stage of Stonehenge itself, a circular foundation ditch, was carved around 2900 B.C., and rings of timbers were erected.  About 400 years later came a heyday of henges.  (The defining characteristic of a henge is not the rocks or timbers sticking upward, but a circular ditch surrounded by a raised bank.  In this sense, Stonehenge today is not a true henge; its raised bank is inside the ditch.)  Twenty miles north of Stonehenge is Avebury, with three stone circles, the outermost more than 1,000 feet in diameter, so large that the town of Avebury has spread into the henge; at the center is a pub, the Red Lion, founded four centuries ago.  Closer to Stonehenge is Durrington Walls, a circular earthen structure about 1,600 feet in diameter.  Michael Parker Pearson of University College London has excavated houses at Durrington Walls and along the nearby River Avon, and he has proposed this is where the builders lived for the grandest stage of Stonehenge’s construction, which started around 2600 B.C.  The giant stones, weighing some 40 tons, were moved and carved.  He believes smaller bluestones, about two tons each, had been taken to Stonehenge during the initial construction from the Preseli mountains in Wales and now more, larger ones were hauled over.  Because early Britons had no written language, the simplest question—Why was it built?—has yet to be conclusively answered.  In Dr. Parker Pearson’s view, Durrington Walls was the land of the living, symbolized by the timbers of Woodhenge, while Stonehenge was the land of the dead.  He believes early Britons gathered at Durrington Walls to feast and then proceeded to Stonehenge to honor their ancestors.  Read more and see pictures at http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/10/science/stonehenge-begins-to-yield-its-secrets.html

In a proposal published November 23, 2015, a federal task force recommended that drone pilots should be required to register to fly any aircraft that weighs little more than a half-pound.  Technically, the Federal Aviation Administration already requires the registration of all aircraft, including drones.  But the agency doesn’t currently enforce those rules for the kind of small recreational aircraft expected to be a hugely popular holiday gift this year.  With the popularity of drones only expected to grow, the FAA decided to convene the a task force to develop a registration scheme that could enforce accountability by creating a traceable link between a drone and its owner.  The task force—known as the “Unmanned Aircraft Systems Registration Task Force Aviation Rulemaking Committee”—included drone makers such as 3D Robotics and DJI; organizations such as the Air Line Pilots Association and the International Association of Chiefs of Police; and potential drone users (and retailers) such as Amazon and Wal-Mart.  For the moment, the task forces recommendations are just that; it’s not clear yet what the next steps are toward seeing the proposed rules debated or implemented.  http://www.wired.com/2015/11/even-super-small-drones-would-have-to-register-under-federal-proposal/

LeBron James reached yet another milestone on November 23, 2015, and the Cleveland Cavaliers superstar said he has no use for the historical comparisons that inevitably pop up when this happens.  With an assist to Kevin Love in the corner against the Orlando Magic, he moved into 25th all-time in career assists.  The only other player in the top 25 in both assists and scoring is Hall of Famer Oscar Robertson.  James told reporters that it was "very humbling to see my name linked with Big O," but wished NBA stars were treated more like quarterbacks.  From ESPN's Dave McMenamin:  "I think what we get caught up in, in our league too much, is trying to compare greats to greats, instead of just accepting and acknowledging and saying, 'Wow, these are just great players,'" James said after the Cleveland Cavaliers' 117-103 win over the Orlando Magic.  "I think in the NFL, when you talk about great quarterbacks, they don't really compare great quarterbacks.  They say, 'Oh, Joe Montana is great.'  You know, 'Tom Brady is great.  Aaron Rodgers is great.  Steve Young is great.' [Terry] Bradshaw, all those great quarterbacks, they never compare them as much.  "But when it comes to our sport, we're so eager to say, 'Who is better:  Oscar or [Michael] Jordan?' or 'Jordan or LeBron or Kobe [Bryant] or these guys?' instead of just accepting greatness.  And if you understand the history of the sport, then there is no way you could ever forget Oscar Robertson.  This guy, he averaged a triple-double for, like, forever."  James Herbert  http://www.cbssports.com/nba/eye-on-basketball/25387684/lebron-james-says-we-shouldnt-be-comparing-great-players-so-much


http://librariansmuse.blogspot.com  Issue 1383  November 25, 2015  On this date in 1874, the United States Greenback Party was established as a political party consisting primarily of farmers affected by the Panic of 1873.  On this date in 1915, Albert Einstein presented the field equations of general relativity to the Prussian Academy of Sciences.

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