Thursday, October 3, 2013


The library of Celsus is an ancient Roman building in Ephesus, Anatolia, now part of Selçuk, Turkey.  It was built in honor of the Roman Senator Tiberius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus  (completed in 135 AD) by Celsus' son, Gaius Julius Aquila (consul, 110 AD).  Celsus had been consul in 92 AD, governor of Asia in 115 AD, and a wealthy and popular local citizen.  He was a native of nearby Sardis and amongst the earliest men of purely Greek origin to become a consul in the Roman Empire and is honored both as a Greek and a Roman on the library itself.  Celsus paid for the construction of the library with his own personal wealth.  The library was built to store 12,000 scrolls and to serve as a monumental tomb for Celsus.  Celsus is buried in a sarcophagus beneath the library, in the main entrance which is both a crypt containing his sarcophagus and a sepulchral monument to him.  It was unusual to be buried within a library or even within city limits, so this was a special honor for Celsus.  See images and link to list of libraries in the ancient world at:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Celsus 

eponym  word named for a person (real or fictitious)  Example:  degree Celsius (unit of temperature) and Celsius (Moon crater)   Anders Celsius (1701-1744), was the Swedish astronomer and scientist who invented a thermometer with 0 for the boiling point and 100 for the freezing point of water. After his death in 1744 the scale was reversed to its present form.  http://www.alphadictionary.com/articles/eponyms/eponym_list_c.html 

ananym (AN-uh-nim) noun   A name formed by reversing letters of another name, often used as a pseudonym.  [From Greek ana- (back) + -onym (name).]  Examples:  Talk show host Oprah's production company is named Harpo.  Doctor Seuss (Theodore Geisel) wrote many books under the name Theo LeSieg.  http://wordsmith.org/words/ananym.html
The Literary Landmarks Association was founded in 1986 by former Friends of Libraries USA (FOLUSA) president Frederick G. Ruffner to encourage the dedication of historic literary sites.  The first dedication was at Slip F18 in Bahia Mar, Florida, the anchorage of the Busted Flush, the houseboat home of novelist John D. MacDonald's protagonist Travis McGee.  In 1989, the Literary Landmark project became an official FOLUSA committee.  Literary Landmarks continues with United for Libraries, the division of American Library Association created by the joining of FOLUSA and the Association for Library Trustees and Advocates (ALTA).  Dedications have included homes of famous writers (Tennessee Williams, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, William Faulkner), libraries and museum collections, literary scenes (such as John's Grill in San Francisco, immortalized by Dashiell Hammett, and Willa Cather's Prairie near Red Cloud, Nebraska), and even "Grip" the Raven, formerly the pet of Charles Dickens and inspiration to Edgar Allan Poe and now presiding (stuffed) at the Rare Books Department of the Free Library of Philadelphia.  The list of dedicated sites continues to grow.  Link to Literary Landmarks by author, state and year at:  http://www.ala.org/united/products_services/literarylandmarks 

PLAY HOOKY - "There is no widely accepted explanation for the word 'hookey' or 'hooky.'  An Americanism that arose in the late 19th century, when compulsory attendance laws became the rule in public schools, 'hooky' may be a compression of the older expression 'hook it,' 'to escape or make off,' formed by dropping the 't' in the phrase.  Or it could be related to the old slang word 'hook,' meaning 'to steal,': kids stealing a day off from school.  'Hooky' has so often been associated with going fishing that it may even owe its life to 'getting off the hook' the way a fish can; anyway, school is often insufferable as a hook to schoolchildren and many kids squirming in their seats all day look like they are on a hook."  From "Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins" by Robert Hendrickson (Facts on File, New York, 1997).  http://www.phrases.org.uk/bulletin_board/6/messages/773.html 

KANGAROO WORD  carries its own baby words with the same meaning.  For example, the kangaroo word illuminated contains the synonym lit among its letters.  Similarly exists hides the word is and deceased includes dead.  Test yourself trying to find synonyms in selected words at:  http://oxforddictionaries.com/us/words/kangaroo-words

ANTI-KANGAROO WORD   in recreational linguistics, a word that contains its antonym. “The word covert is an anti-kangaroo word because it contains overt.  Thingamajigs and Whatchamacallits:  Unfamiliar Terms for Familiar Things by Rod L. Evans

The good news:  According to a new report from the National Endowment for the Arts, more than half of American adults read books for pleasure in 2012.  The bad news is that the percentage of adults reading works of literature -- in the NEA's definition, novels, short stories, poetry or plays -- has declined since 2008, returning to 2002 lows.  Fifty-seven percent of American adults read one or more books not required for work or school in 2012 -- that's 128 million readers.  Some other interesting findings:  More women (64%) read than men (45%).  The biggest readers are older adults; 65- to 74-year-olds have the highest rate of reading of any age group, with 61% reading at least one book in 2012.  Hispanic Americans read at lower rates than any other ethnic group (36%) but the percentage of Hispanic Americans reading for pleasure has gone up since 2008 (when it was 33%).  The worst news is for poets:  People reading poetry for pleasure has plunged in the last decade, dropping by 45%.  Among adults who read books for pleasure, less than 7% now say they read poetry.  Carolyn Kellogg  http://www.latimes.com/books/jacketcopy/la-et-jc-american-adults-read-books-for-pleasure-in-2012-20130930,0,4379575.story 

Tom Clancy, writer of espionage and military science thrillers died Oct. 1, 2013 after a brief illness at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore.  "When he published 'The Hunt for Red October' he redefined and expanded the genre and as a consequence of that, a lot of people were able to publish such books who had previously been unable to do so," said Stephen C. Hunter, an author and former Pulitzer Prize-winning film critic for The Washington Post.  "He valued technical precision and on-target writing that became the form of the modern thriller."  Clancy was the author of numerous best-selling novels, most of which featured the character Jack Ryan.  Mr. Clancy began working on a novel in his spare time, basing it loosely on a real-life, 1975 mutiny aboard a Soviet frigate.  The result, published in 1984, was "The Hunt for Red October," a tale of superpower conflict centered on a renegade Soviet nuclear submarine.  The book took off, selling 300,000 hardbacks and 2 million paperbacks in the first two years.  The hardcover version spent 31 weeks on Publishers Weekly's bestseller list; the paperback, 37 weeks.  "The Hunt for Red October" was made into a film, as were several of his subsequent novels.  His books also inspired several video games.  Clancy was also a major financial player in Baltimore sports in the 1990s, when the Orioles moved to Camden Yards and the NFL returned to Baltimore.

Performance/Art Arrives at LAX Airport by Jean Lenihan  Oct. 1, 2013  The current renovations and re-branding of Los Angeles International Airport is delivering frustrating, mixed cues for its art.  Its first public arts festival--Influx:  Art at LAX”-- runs through Dec. 31.  Read about it at:  http://www.artsjournal.com/pencil/2013/10/performanceart-arrives-at-lax-airport/ 

Ancient city unearthed in Iraq may be 3,300 years old by Owen Jarus, LiveScience
Oct. 1, 2013  In the Kurdistan region of northern Iraq archaeologists have discovered an ancient city called Idu, hidden beneath a mound.  Cuneiform inscriptions and works of art reveal the palaces that flourished in the city throughout its history thousands of years ago.  Located in a valley on the northern bank of the lower Zab River, the city's remains are now part of a mound created by human occupation called a tell, which rises about 32 feet (10 meters) above the surrounding plain.  The earliest remains date back to Neolithic times, when farming first appeared in the Middle East, and a modern-day village called Satu Qala now lies on top of the tell.  The city thrived between 3,300 and 2,900 years ago, said Cinzia Pappi, an archaeologist at the Universität Leipzig in Germany.  At the start of this period, the city was under the control of the Assyrian Empire and was used to administer the surrounding territory.  Later on, as the empire declined, the city gained its independence and became the center of a kingdom that lasted for about 140 years, until the Assyrians reconquered it.  The researchers were able to determine the site's ancient name when, during a survey of the area in 2008, a villager brought them an inscription with the city's ancient name engraved on it.  Excavations were conducted in 2010 and 2011, and the team reported its findings in the most recent edition of the journal Anatolica.  See images at:  http://www.nbcnews.com/science/ancient-kingdom-unearthed-iraq-may-be-3-300-years-old-8C11308803

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