An apple a day keeps the doctor away  There's a fair chance that this little maxim originated in Wales as the earliest known example of its use in print makes that claim. The February 1866 edition of Notes and Queries magazine includes this:  "A Pembrokeshire proverb.  Eat an apple on going to bed, And you'll keep the doctor from earning his bread."  A number of variants of the rhyme were in circulation around the turn of the 20th century.  In 1913, Elizabeth Wright recorded a Devonian dialect version and also the first known mention of the version we use now, in Rustic Speech and Folk-lore:  "Ait a happle avore gwain to bed, An' you'll make the doctor beg his bread; or as the more popular version runs:  An apple a day Keeps the doctor away."  Apples have a good claim to promote health.  They contain Vitamin C, which aids the immune system, and phenols, which reduce cholesterol.  They also reduce tooth decay by cleaning one's teeth and killing off bacteria.  It has also been suggested by Cornell University researchers that the quercetin found in apples protects brain cells against neuro-degenerative disorders like Alzheimer's Disease.  Apples may be good for us but it wasn't their precise medicinal properties that were being exalted when this phrase was coined.  In Old English the word apple was used to describe any round fruit that grew on a tree.  Adam and Eve's forbidden fruit, which they ate in the Garden of Eden, is often described as an apple but, in the 1611 King James Version of the Bible, it is just called 'a fruit'.  http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/an-apple-a-day.html 

In one area of downtown Philadelphia, you visit the United States Postal Service Museum, The Franklin Print Shop, and the Franklin Museum.  Benjamin Franklin moved from Boston to Philadelphia at the age of 17.  He was a printer, diplomat, inventor, publisher, author, statesman, Postmaster, and more.  He founded the Library Company, Pennsylvania Hospital, American Philosophical Society, and the University of Pennsylvania.

FRANKLIN COURT  In the court itself once stood his house.  What is known of the house is that it was 3 stories high, covered 33 feet square, and included 10 rooms.  The house was razed in 1812. Because no historical records of the look of the exterior exist, the space once occupied by the house is marked by a wonderful, oversized "Ghost Structure" designed by world-famous architect Robert Venturi and built in 1976 for the bicentennial.  You can look through portals to see into Franklin's privy pits, wells, and foundation.  An extremely rare Bristol punchbowl and other ceramic artifacts were found in the privy pit.

UNDERGROUND MUSEUM  Below the court is a museum filled with paintings, objects, and inventions associated with Benjamin Franklin.  You will see a pretty reproduction of Franklin's Armonica, also called a glass harmonica, which consists of a set of graduated glass bowls on a rotating shaft that produce tones when a finger is pressed to the moistened rims.  Mozart wrote a piece just for Franklin's new instrument.  Other Franklin inventions you can see here include a Franklin stove and the swim fin (Franklin was, after all, a champion swimmer in his day).

UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE MUSEUM (314 Market Street)
Exhibits include Pony Express pouches and originals of Franklin's Pennyslvania Gazette.

POST OFFICE (316 Market Street)
This is the only active post office in the United States that does not fly a United States flag (because there wasn't yet one in 1775).  The postmark "B. Free Franklin" is still used to cancel stamps.

318 MARKET STREET
Here you will see an architectural exhibit about Franklin's interest in fire-resistant buildings.  Walls are fully exposed to reveal wooden joists separated by masonry and plaster.  In the cellar are collections of pottery and glassware, collected from his privy pits.

PRINTING OFFICE AND BINDERY (320 Market Street)
Demonstrations of 18th century printing and binding equipment are on display.  Printing demonstrations are given by Park Services rangers.

GENERAL ADVERTISER (322 Market Street)
This is the restored office of The Aurora and general Advertiser, the newspaper published by Franklin's grandson, Benjamin Franklin Bache.

James Wilson, an editor of The Aurora, lived at 322 Market Street.  His grandson, Woodrow, became the 28th President of the United States.
Sarah Josepha Hale, editor of Godey's Lady's Book and author of "Mary Had a Little Lamb," worked at 322 Market Street from 1837-1877.  http://www.ushistory.org/tour/franklin-court.htm 

State of the Fairs:  World's Fair Structures Around the U.S.

People across the country are helping make a fresh start for World's Fair structures that have been left behind.  by Gwendolyn Purdom | From Preservation | Oct. 1, 2013   http://www.preservationnation.org/magazine/2013/fall/state-of-the-fairs-worlds-fair.html 

syn, sym, syl & sys  These ROOT-WORDS are the prefixes SYS, SYL, SYM & SYN all meaning WITH, TOGETHER & ALONG WITH.  SYL is used before the letter l.  SYM is used before the letter m.  SYN is used before the letter n.  It’s the old story of assimilation and labials causing the changes for the sake of euphony.
1.  Syllable:  SYL lable (sil’ a b’l) n.  One or more letters which together form one sound
2.  Monosyllable:  mono SYL lable (mon’ o syl a b’l) n.  A word of one syllable; as “no”
3.  Syllogism:  SYL logism (sil’ o jiz um) n.  A formal argument with a major and minor premise and a conclusion
4.  Syllogist:  SYL logist (sil’ o jist) n.  One skilled in syllogistic reasoning
5.  System:  SYS tem (sys’ tem) n.  A planned arrangement of procedures; method
6.  Systematic:  SYS thematic (sys tem at’ ik) adj.  Arranged methodically according to a system
Find more examples at:  http://www.english-for-students.com/syn.html 

Euphony  noun  (plural) -nies  the alteration of speech sounds, esp by assimilation, so as to make them easier to pronounce  a pleasing sound, esp in speech  from Late Latin euphōnia, from Greek, from eu- + phōnē voice  Synonyms= melodiousness, music, harmony, melody, unison, musicality, consonance, mellowness, tunefulness, mellifluousness  http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/euphony 

Anne Longfellow Dickinson, 94, passed away Monday, September 30, 2013 in Northbrook, IL.  She was born in Cambridge, MA at a house in Longfellow Park where she spent her early childhood.  She was a great granddaughter of the poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.  She was educated at St. Timothy's School in Stevenson, MD and studied music at Radcliffe College for three years before leaving to take a job at a Polaroid factory making gun sights in 1943.  After her marriage in 1945, she moved to the Chicago area with her husband where she lived in Lake Forest for over 60 years.  She played the double bass in the Evanston Symphony and the Lake Forest Symphony, served on a number of Women's Boards including the Field Museum and Passavant Hospital and plied her literary and musical skills writing papers for The Coterie and arranging music for a number of groups including The Clumsy Mumsies of Lake Forest.   http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/dailyherald/obituary.aspx?n=anne-longfellow-dickinson&pid=167467326&fhid=16207 

International Monetary Fund Press Release No. 13/405  The Oct. 14, 2013 release of the G20 Consumer Price Index (CPI) marks the second release of a G20 aggregate statistic following the first publication of aggregate quarterly G20 GDP estimates on 14 March 2012.  The releases on G20 aggregates contribute to the implementation of the G20 Data Gaps Initiative - a set of 20 recommendations on the further enhancement of statistics as agreed by the G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors.  The process is coordinated by the Inter-Agency Group on Economic and Financial Statistics:  Bank for International Settlements, European Central Bank, Eurostat, International Monetary Fund (chair), OECD, United Nations and the World Bank.  The G20 CPI provides a timely measure of inflation for the G20. In the future, the G20 CPI will become part of the regular OECD monthly News Release on CPI at around one month after the reference period.  Annual inflation in the G20 area was 3.0% in the year to August 2013, down from 3.2% in the year to July 2013.  https://www.imf.org/external/np/sec/pr/2013/pr13405.htm