EPONYMS 

Smithsonite, native zinc carbonate, Smithsonian Institution named for British chemist James Smithson (original name James Louis Macie, 1765-1829) 

Salmonella, bacteria causing diseases named for American veterinary surgeon Daniel Elmer Salmon (1850-1914) that was actually discovered by his colleague Theobald Smith. 

http://www.alphadictionary.com/articles/eponyms/eponym_list_s.html

sundry  adjective  Several; diverse; more than one or two; various.  Consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds; miscellaneous   Find origin, use as noun and example sentences at http://www.yourdictionary.com/sundry  The idiom various and sundry is redundant.

A ban on bullfighting in Catalonia was approved by the Catalan Parliament on 28 July 2010, following a petition (or Popular Legislative Initiative, PLI) organised by the PROU platform (Catalan for 'Enough!').  The petition attracted 180,000 signatures.  The parliamentary vote was 68 votes for and 55 against, with 9 abstentions Catalonia became the second autonomous community in Spain to ban bullfighting after the Canary Islands did so in 1991.  The ban came into force on 1 January 2012. Bullfights by matadors were banned in Catalonia at the end 2011 but bull-dodging, in which bulls are not killed, remains lawful.  The last bullfight in Catalonia took place on 25 September 2011 at La Monumental.  In October 2016 the Catalonian ban on bullfighting was overturned by the Spanish Constitutional Court.  The Court ruled that, though an autonomous region is allowed to regulate bullfighting, an autonomous region is not in a legal position to fully ban such fights.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ban_on_bullfighting_in_Catalonia

Catalan is not, as some believe, a dialect of Spanish, but a language that developed independently out of the vulgar Latin spoken by the Romans who colonised the Tarragona area.  It is spoken by 9 million people in Catalonia, Valencia, the Balearic Isles, Andorra and the town of Alghero in Sardinia.  Variants of Catalan are spoken in Valencia and the Balearics, which were taken back from the Moors in the 13th century.  According to Professor Albert Rossich of the University of Girona (Gerona) these variants reflect the origin of the people who repopulated these areas when the Moors were driven out.  Valencia was repopulated with people from Lleida and Tortosa; the Baleares with people from Barcelona and l'Empordà in the north.  Catalonia had been an autonomous province within the kingdom of Aragón but when Aragón was united with Castile with the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella, Castilian--Spanish--became the language of court and literature, while Catalan remained the popular tongue.  When in 1714 Barcelona fell to Spanish troops led by the Earl of Berwick, Catalonia lost its autonomy, the central government imposed restrictions on the use of Catalan and Spanish became the official language.  It wasn't until the 19th century and the rise of the nationalist cultural movement known as the renaixença that Catalan was revived as a literary language, Rossich says.  However, this revival was short-lived.  The fascist regime that emerged triumphant from the civil war in 1939 did everything in its power to stamp out the official and private use of Catalan.  Harsh penalties were imposed for speaking it.  The arrival of hundreds of thousands of immigrants from Spain's impoverished south further consolidated the use of Spanish as the lingua franca of Catalonia.  Most of these immigrants, or their children at least, have come to understand and or speak Catalan since democracy was restored in 1978.  However, large-scale immigration from Latin America over the past 10 years means just over half the Catalan population claim Spanish as their mother tongue.  Since the early 1980s, the imposition of a system known as "immersion," with Catalan as the only vehicular language in state schools, has guaranteed everyone educated in the past 30 years has a command of it.  However, thanks to the presence of Spanish in daily life and the media, virtually all Catalans are perfectly bilingual.  Stephen Burgen  https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/nov/22/catalan-language-survived

Catalonia is an autonomous community of Spain, located on the northeastern extremity of the Iberian Peninsula.  It is designated as a nationality by its Statute of Autonomy.   Catalonia consists of four provinces:  Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, and Tarragona.  The capital and largest city is Barcelona, the second-most populated municipality in Spain and the core of the seventh-most populous urban area in the European Union.  Catalonia comprises most of the territory of the former Principality of Catalonia (with the remainder Roussillon now part of France's Pyrénées-Orientales).  It is bordered by France and Andorra to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the east, and the Spanish autonomous communities of Aragon to the west and Valencia to the south.  A roughly triangular region in Spain's far north-east corner, Catalonia is separated by the Pyrenean mountains from southern France, with which it has close historical ties.  See maps at http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-2034507 and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalonia

Spencer Johnson, a onetime physician and children’s book author, whose best-selling books on business management, including “The One-Minute Manager” and “Who Moved My Cheese?,” sold millions of copies and inspired a cultlike following, died July 3, 2017 in Encinitas, Calif.  He was 78.  In the mid-1970s, Dr. Johnson gave up medicine to write inspirational books for children, all with the word “value” in the title, such as “The Value of Honesty:  The Story of Confucius.”  By the early 1980s, he discovered a new formula, teaming with management consultant Kenneth Blanchard on “The One-Minute Manager,” which urged business people to connect with their workers by spending a full minute giving sincere praise (or, if necessary, a reprimand).  Dr. Johnson and Blanchard sold thousands of self-published copies of “The One-Minute Manager,” incorporating changes suggested by business leaders.  “That’s what we call writing for the marketplace,” Dr. Johnson said.  When “The One-Minute Manager” was picked up in 1982 by a New York publisher, Morrow, it became an instant bestseller.  It also represented a marketing triumph for the authors, who insisted that it carry the steep cover price of $15, despite having barely 100 pages of text.  It came with a money-back guarantee.  Dr. Johnson then spun off a series of follow-ups, including “The One-Minute Father,” “The One-Minute Mother” and “One Minute for Myself.”  Listening to his inner wisdom or perhaps the voice of opportunity, Dr. Johnson later embarked on his signature literary effort, “Who Moved My Cheese?”  Subtitled “An A-Mazing Way to Deal With Change in Your Work and in Your Life,” the 94-page book, published in 1998, became a No. 1 bestseller, largely through word of mouth and the testimonials of chief executives from such companies as Procter & Gamble and Hewlett-Packard.  The book is a parable built around four characters:  two mice, named Sniff and Scurry, and two people, Hem and Haw.  All four live in a maze and survive happily on cheese until one day their cheese disappears.  The mice immediately scamper away to find a new source of cheese, while Hem and Haw grouse about their fate and their growing hunger.  Eventually, in this tale of mice and men, Haw decides the mice are right, and he goes off to discover what may be in store around the next corner.  He scrawls helpful tips on the walls of the maze, such as “The Quicker You Let Go of Old Cheese, the Sooner You Find New Cheese.”  The lesson, as old as commerce itself, is that it pays to adapt to changing circumstances.  People ate it up, so to speak.  Although the book never reveals who actually moved the cheese, “Who Moved My Cheese?” was studied in business schools, was distributed by the thousands to employees and was applied to endeavors of every kind.  Matt Schudel   https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/spencer-johnson-dies-at-78-found-sweet-smell-of-success-in-who-moved-my-cheese/2017/07/08/bd53e056-63f2-11e7-a4f7-af34fc1d9d39_story.html?hpid=hp_hp-cards_hp-card-arts%3Ahomepage%2Fcard&utm_term=.a384af87d7de

July 6, 2017  Lynn Caponera, president of the Maurice Sendak Foundation, was going through the late artist’s files last year “to see what could be discarded,” she said.  “I was asking myself, do we really need all these?”  when she found a typewritten manuscript titled Presto and Zesto in Limboland, co-authored by Sendak and his frequent collaborator, Arthur Yorinks. Caponera, who managed Sendak’s household for decades, didn’t remember the two friends working on a text with that title, so she scanned the manuscript and e-mailed it to Michael di Capua, Sendak’s longtime editor and publisher.  “I read it in disbelief,” said di Capua.  “What a miracle to find this buried treasure in the archives.  To think something as good as this has been lying around there gathering dust.”  Not only is the manuscript complete, so, too, are the illustrations.  Sendak created them in 1990 to accompany a London Symphony Orchestra performance of Leoš Janáček’s Rikadla, a 1927 composition that set a series of nonsense Czech nursery rhymes to music.  Voila!  So it is that Sendak, considered by many to be the most influential picture book creator of the 20th century, will have another publication in the 21st, five years after his death.  PW has the exclusive news that Michael di Capua Books/HarperCollins plans to publish Presto and Zesto in Limboland in fall 2018.  Sue Corbett  Read more and see pictures at https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/childrens/childrens-authors/article/74181-new-sendak-picture-book-discovered.html

http://librariansmuse.blogspot.com  Issue 1736  July 12, 2017  On this date in 1493, Hartmann Schedel's Nuremberg Chronicle, one of the best-documented early printed books, was published.  On this date in 1862, the Medal of Honor was authorized by the United States Congress.  Word of the Day  haptic  adjective  Of or relating to the sense of touch; tactile.  (computing) Of or relating to haptics (“the study of user interfaces that use the sense of touch”).