Friday, May 4, 2012


Rare seahorses found in Thames  This is the first time that these rare creatures have been found so far up the Thames and the first time in this part of London.  The short-snouted seahorse (Hippocampus hippocampus), which grows up to 15cm (6 inches) is more commonly found in the waters of the Mediterranean and Canary Islands.  Seahorses have often been a visitor to coastal waters around Britain but the agency said recent sightings suggest that there may be more permanent populations around the UK.  Seahorses have elaborate courtship rituals and are one of the few animals that mate for life.  Emma Barton, Environment Agency fisheries officer, said: "The seahorse we found was only 5cm (2 inches) long, a juvenile, suggesting that they may be breeding nearby.  See picture at:  http://phys.org/news/2011-10-rare-seahorses-thames.html


Ideas Illustrated:  Survival Skills for the Information Age presents "Visualizing English Word Origins" with well-done graphics analyzing American and British literature, and language from the legal, medical and spots fields.  http://ideasillustrated.com/blog/2012/04/01/visualizing-english-word-origins
 

The Symphonic Boom, review of Site and Sound by Victoria Newhouse

In a global construction explosion that echoes the last performing-arts center boom of the 1970s and '80s, spectacular buildings for music are replacing the art museum as the most conspicuous cultural icon of the 21st century.  Stylistically, they represent architecture's leading edge.  Musically, they signal radical changes in place, performance and audience attitudes. In the United States alone, 360 opera houses and concert halls were completed between 1994 and 2008.  

"Site and Sound: The Architecture and Acoustics of New Opera Houses and Concert Halls," by Victoria Newhouse, is an ambitious history and critique that covers everything from the amphitheater at Epidaurus (third century B.C.) to Zaha Hadid's cutting-edge Cultural Center in Baku, Azerbaijan, which is under construction now.  But the emphasis of this precisely written, meticulously researched study is on the most recent work.  Ms. Newhouse has visited every building she writes about, attending multiple performances and interviewing architects, acousticians, managers and users.  The only constant in the long history of this singular art form is inconsistency; attitudes have swung back and forth from the creation of a reverential atmosphere that stresses music for its own sake to an emphasis on music as a social event.  Ms. Newhouse believes that there is no guarantee of perfect sound.  Even with scientific computer modeling, she is convinced that perfection is an unreal objective and that judgment is a subjective act.  The standard, horseshoe-shaped operas and "shoe box" concert halls that worked well in the past are rarely as reliable as when they were custom-built and tuned just for the instruments and sounds of their time.  Yet so strongly does belief in the tried and true persist, and so great is the fear of failure, that many of the most extreme new exteriors have traditional configurations inside.  Because we are addicted to instant gratification, we want our judgments up or down, good or bad, and we expect new or remodeled structures to receive immediate praise or condemnation.  As a working journalist who covered the previous round of performing-arts construction, I was paired with the music critic, who would stride across the stage, clapping his hands, testing various spots in the orchestra and balcony for reverberation times while I studied the design.  After a rehearsal and an opening-night performance, our paired evaluations would appear in the next morning's New York Times.  And the job was done.  What followed was usually an essential period of evaluation and fine-tuning.  But Ms. Newhouse has learned that ideal acoustics are not even necessary for a hall to succeed.  The essential factor is ambience—the sum total of how a place looks, feels and sounds, an intangible combination that satisfies the senses and fills an important but unexpressed social need that extends from the audience's shared experience to its communication with the performing artists.  Ada Luise Huxtable, artchitecture critic of The Wall Street Journal    See a picture of the Danish Radio Concert Hall, Copenhagen (2009), designed by the French architect Jean Nouvel, featuring a 'vineyard' layout of terraced seats at:  http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304356604577340211822833758.html?mod=WSJ_Opinion_LEFTTopOpinion



An automated reader developed by the Educational Testing Service, e-Rater, can grade 16,000 essays in 20 seconds, according to David Williamson, a research director for E.T.S., which develops and administers 50 million tests a year, including the SAT.   The e-Rater’s biggest problem, he says, is that it can’t identify truth . He tells students not to waste time worrying about whether their facts are accurate, since pretty much any fact will do as long as it is incorporated into a well-structured sentence.  “E-Rater doesn’t care if you say the War of 1812 started in 1945,” he said.  Les Perelman, a director of writing at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, found that e-Rater prefers long essays.  A 716-word essay he wrote that was padded with more than a dozen nonsensical sentences received a top score of 6; a well-argued, well-written essay of 567 words was scored a 5.  E-Rater, he said, does not like short sentences.  

Or short paragraphs.  Or sentences that begin with “or.”  And sentences that start with “and.”  Nor sentence fragments.  However, he said, e-Rater likes connectors, like “however,” which serve as programming proxies for complex thinking.  Moreover, “moreover” is good, too.  

Gargantuan words are indemnified because e-Rater interprets them as a sign of lexical complexity.  “Whenever possible,” Mr. Perelman advises, “use a big word.  ‘Egregious’ is better than ‘bad.’ ”  Michael Winerip   http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/23/education/robo-readers-used-to-grade-test-essays.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all
 

Lori Roy won the Edgar for best first novel by an American author for her book, Bent Road on April 26.  The award was presented by bestselling writer Mary Higgins Clark, who was "delightful," Roy said.  The Edgars, named after Edgar Allan Poe (who is credited with inventing the detective story), are presented annually in several categories by the Mystery Writers of America.  Bent Road, published by Dutton in March 2011, is a taut, suspenseful, gracefully written thriller that could be called heartland noir.  Set in rural Kansas in 1967, it takes the reader inside the secrets of a family 20 years after one of its members died mysteriously.  She is "at the tail end of finishing up" her second novel, another literary thriller, set this time in Detroit in the 1950s.  Colette Bancroft  http://www.tampabay.com/news/tierra-verde-author-lori-roy-wins-edgar-award-for-first-novel-bent-road/1227301


Q:  Does the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices now require agencies to provide a flashing yellow arrow indication for a left-turn movement for the permissive left-turn phase?

A:  No, this is not mandatory, but the flashing yellow arrow is now allowed in the 2009 MUTCD as an optional alternative display for PPLT or "permissive only" left turn movements (see Sections 4D.17 through 4D.20).  NCHRP Report 493 describes the results of a comprehensive research project to evaluate the use of different permissive displays for protected-permissive mode left turns (PPLT), including the flashing yellow arrow (FYA).  The research found that the most easily understood and most effective permissive display is the FYA in an all-arrows separate turn signal face for the left turn.  An NCHRP follow-up study found that converting circular green permissive left-turn displays to flashing yellow arrow improved safety.  Flashing yellow arrow displays are also now allowed for use with permissive right-turn movements (see Sections 4D.21 through 4D.24.)  http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/knowledge/faqs/faq_part4.htm


MUCTD=Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices  http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/index.htm

NCHRP=National Cooperative Highway Research Program  http://www.trb.org/NCHRP/NCHRP.aspx
 

The moon will be at its fullest on Saturday, May 5 at 11:35 p.m. EDT, at which point it will also be at perigee — just 221,802 miles from Earth. Skywatchers can expect to see the moon shining 16% brighter than usual.  Last year’s supermoon, which fell on March 19, was reportedly the biggest and brightest in 18 years.  http://newsfeed.time.com/2012/05/04/the-supermoon-is-upon-us-the-years-biggest-full-moon-lights-up-the-sky-this-saturday/


No comments: