Friday, September 15, 2023

 

Outside of Cincinnati, Cincinnati-style chili is known as “that weird cinnamon chili on spaghetti.”  But around Cincinnati, it’s a way of life.  There are well over 200 joints, called chili parlors, serving the stuff.  Its legitimacy as chili is not up for debate.  If chili can be green or white, why can’t it have cinnamon and allspice and be served over spaghetti?  Cincinnati Chili  Prep 10 mins  Cook 3 hrs 30 mins  Total time 3 hrs 40 mins  Servings 8  Find recipe at https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/cincinnati_chili/   

Phial and vial are different forms of what is essentially the same word, referring to a small container for holding liquids.  Both came to English in the 14th century from the same source—the French fiole, which in turn has roots in Latin—and both have appeared regularly ever since.  Some people differentiate them in various ways—for instance, that phials are larger than vials, or that vials are for medical liquids and phials for other things—but these are not consistently borne out in general usage.  In the U.S., phial is almost nonexistent in this century, after being nearly as common as vial as recently as a century ago.  In 21st-century British writing, meanwhile, vial became the preferred form only a few decades ago.  https://grammarist.com/usage/phial-vial-vile/   

Dawali (Palestinian Stuffed Grape Leaves) by Reem Kassis   A complete one-pot meal as festive as it is delicious.  Prep 60 mins  Cook 90 mins  Total 2 hrs 30 mins  6 to 8 servings  Leftovers can be refrigerated up to 4 days.  To reheat, place grape leaves in a pan, add some leftover cooking liquid or water, cover, and simmer until piping hot.  https://www.seriouseats.com/dawali-recipe-6503524   

raffish (adjective)  "disreputable, vulgar," 1795, from raff "people," usually of a lower sort (1670s), probably from rif and raf (mid-14c.) "everyone, everything, one and all," from Middle English rafraffe "one and all, everybody"

riffraff (noun)  also riff-raff, late 15c., "persons of disreputable character or low degree," from earlier rif and raf (Anglo-French rif et raf) "one and all, everybody; every scrap, everything," also "sweepings, refuse, things of small value" (mid-14c.), from Old French rif et raf, from rifler "to spoil, strip" (see rifle (v.)). Second element from raffler "carry off," related to rafle "plundering," or from raffer "to snatch, to sweep together" (see raffle (noun)); the word presumably made more for suggestive half-rhyming alliteration than for sense.  The meaning "refuse, scum, or rabble of a community" is by 1540s.  In 15c. collections of terms of association, a group of young men or boys was a raffle of knaves.

raft (noun 2)  "large miscellaneous collection," by 1830, said to be a variant of raff "heap, large amount," a dialectal survival from Middle English raf (compare raffishriffraff), with form and sense associated with raft (noun 1).  But this use of the word emerged early in U.S., where raft (n.1) had meant "large floating mass or accumulation of fallen trees, logs, etc." by 1718.  https://www.etymonline.com/word/raffish   

Simple yet satisfying, chicken paprikash is a Hungarian recipe made with chicken browned in butter and cooked with onions and paprika, then finished with a little sour cream mixed in.  Serve over dumplings or noodles.  Elise Bauer  total time: 50 minutes  Find recipe for 4 to 6 servings at https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/chicken_paprikash/   

The Green River area in Sweetwater County (Wyoming) is known as the "Trona Capital of the World."  So, what is trona?  It is a naturally-occurring mineral that is chemically known as sodium sesquicarbonate.  Trona is the raw material which is refined into soda ash.  Soda ash, in turn, is used to make glass, paper products, laundry detergents, and many other products.  It also is used in the manufacturing of other chemicals, such as sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) and sodium phosphates (detergents).  Ancient Egyptians first used soda ash over 5,000 years ago.  They recovered the chemical from dry lake-bed deposits or manufactured it by burning seaweed and other marine plants.  This crude product was used to make glass ornaments and vessels.  The Romans also used it for baking bread, making glass, and as medicine.  The trona in Sweetwater County was created by an ancient body of water which became known as Lake Gosiute.  In the course of geologic time, the lake shrunk.  With the loss of outflows, high amount of alkaline (salt brine) began to evaporate, depositing the beds of trona.  It is reported that Southwestern Wyoming contains the world's largest known bed of trona.  The current trona industry had its beginning in Sweetwater County in 1938 during oil and gas explorations.  The first mine shaft was excavated in 1946.  Since that initial discovery, several mines and processing plants have been operating in the area, along with a baking soda plant.  https://www.cityofgreenriver.org/246/The-Trona-Industry-in-Sweetwater-County   Thank you, Muse reader!   

http://librariansmuse.blogspot.com   Issue 2719  September 15, 2023 


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