"Thinking is difficult, that’s why most people judge.” ~ Carl Jung  This quote sums it up all.  Judging is easy and doesn’t require much thinking or reasoning.  Our brains are wired to make automatic judgments about others’ behaviours so that we can move through the world without spending much time or energy in understanding everything we see.  Understanding is harder as it requires deep thinking, patience, compassion, and an open mind.  Human behaviour specialist Dr John Demartini refers to this phenomenon as “self-righteous” and “self-wrongeous.”  Judging is simply our attempt to create a hierarchy of better than and less than, superior to and inferior to, and to define worth to everyone and everything that we meet.  We have the innate urge to be right, to be better, to be superior—always.  Our binary view of the world around us necessitates us to be either right or wrong, so we tend to judge.  Visweswaran Balasubramanian  https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/readersblog/mycosmos/the-real-reason-we-judge-other-people-what-it-says-about-us-28804/   

The Great Black Swamp (also known simply as the Black Swamp) was a glacially fed wetland in northwest Ohio, sections of lower Michigan, and extreme northeast Indiana, United States, that existed from the end of the Wisconsin glaciation until the late 19th century.  Comprising extensive swamps and marshes, with some higher, drier ground interspersed, it occupied what was formerly the southwestern part of proglacial Lake Maumee, a holocene precursor to Lake Erie.  The area was about 25 miles (40 km) wide (north to south) and 100 miles (160 km) long, covering an estimated 1,500 square miles (4,000 km²).  Gradually drained and settled in the second half of the 19th century, it is now highly productive farmland.  However, this development has been detrimental to the ecosystem as a result of agricultural runoff.  This runoff, in turn, has contributed to frequent toxic algal blooms in Lake Erie.  The land once covered by the swamp lies primarily within the Maumee River and Portage River watersheds in northwest Ohio and northeast Indiana.  The boundary was determined primarily by ancient sandy beach ridges formed on the shores of Lakes Maumee and Whittlesey, after glacial retreat several thousand years ago.  It stretched roughly from Fort Wayne, Indiana, eastward to the Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge near Port Clinton along the Lake Erie shore, and from (roughly) US 6 south to Findlay and North Star, Ohio in Darke County.  Near its southern edge at the southwestern corner of present-day Auglaize County, wheeled transportation was impossible during most of the year, and local residents thought the rigors of travel to be unsuitable for anyone except adult men.  The vast swamp was a network of forests, wetlands, and grasslands.  In the lowest, flattest areas, prone to permanent inundation, deciduous swamp forests predominated, characterized especially by species of ash, elm, cottonwood and sycamore.  In slightly higher areas with some topographic relief and better drainage, beech, maples, basswood, tuliptree and other more mesic species were dominant.  On elevated beach ridges and moraines with good to excessive drainage, more xeric species, especially oak and hickory, were dominant.  The area contained non-forested wetlands, particularly marsh and wet prairies, with marshes being particularly extensive along the Lake Erie shoreline east of Toledo.  See graphics at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Black_Swamp  See also  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesic_habitat and  https://blogs.bgsu.edu/blackswampjournal/2011/04/14/history-of-the-great-black-swamp/   

Packed with roasted soy nuts, fried onion, and fried garlic, find Homemade Spicy Chili Crisp Recipe by Sohla El-Waylly at https://www.seriouseats.com/homemade-spicy-chili-crisp   

September 2022:  Quenched & Tempered Brewing Co. Taproom is open at 1210 Jackson Street in Toledo  Wabash was a railroad that ran through Toledo.  The Cannonball was a fictional-turned-real train that ran until the line closed.  A portion of the line has been converted into a 66-mile trail that runs through Northwest Ohio.  https://www.quenchedandtempered.com/brews/   

Columbus Day is a national holiday in many countries of the Americas and elsewhere, and a federal holiday in the United States, which officially celebrates the anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the Americas on October 12, 1492.   Christopher Columbus was a Genovese-born explorer who became a subject of the Hispanic Monarchy to lead a Spanish enterprise to cross the Atlantic Ocean in search of an alternative route to the Far East, only to land in the New World.  Columbus's first voyage to the New World on the Spanish ships Santa María, Niña, and La Pinta took about three months.  Columbus and his crew's arrival in the New World initiated the colonisation of the Americas by Spain, followed in the ensuing centuries by other European powers, as well as the transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, and technology between the New and Old Worlds, an event referred to by some late 20th‐century historians as the Columbian Exchange.  The landing is celebrated as Columbus Day in the United States, but the name varies internationally.  The Dominican Republic celebrates this day as "The Discovery of the Americas".  In some Latin American countries, October 12 is known as Día de la Raza or "Day of the Race".  This is the case for Mexico, which inspired Jose Vasconcelos' book celebrating the Day of the Iberoamerican race.  Some countries such as Spain refer to the holiday as Día de la Hispanidad and Fiesta Nacional de España, where it coincides with the religious festivity of La Virgen del Pilar.  Since 2009, Peru has celebrated Día de los pueblos originarios y el diálogo intercultural ("Indigenous Peoples and Intercultural Dialogue Day").  Belize and Uruguay celebrate it as Pan American Day and Día de las Américas ("Day of the Americas").  Giornata Nazionale di Cristoforo Colombo or Festa Nazionale di Cristoforo Colombo is the formal name of the celebration in Italy as well as in Little Italys around the world.   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbus_Day   

http://librariansmuse.blogspot.com  Issue 2575  October 10. 2022