Monday, January 20, 2020


Translator Ken Liu has done more than anyone to bridge the gap between Chinese science fiction and American readers.  Educational Publications Import and Export Corporation, Ltd. was seeking an English-language translator for a trippy science-fiction novel titled “The Three-Body Problem.”  Liu — an American computer programmer turned corporate lawyer turned science-fiction writer—was a natural choice:  fluent in Mandarin, familiar with Chinese sci-fi tropes and culture and a rising star in the genre.  Liu had only translated short fiction at the time, though, and capturing the novel in all its complexity seemed daunting.  “The Three-Body Problem” was unlike anything Liu had ever read.  A mind-bending epic set in Beijing, Inner Mongolia and on a distant planet, the novel was full of heady technical passages about quantum theory, nanotechnology, orbital mechanics and astrophysics, intertwined with profound moral questions about the nature of good and evil and humanity’s place in the universe.  But as he began translating, Liu was confronted by what seemed like a more fundamental problem:  The narrative structure didn’t make sense.  The story careered around in time, bouncing between present-day China, as a panic builds among scientists and government officials over a coming alien invasion, and Beijing in 1967, near the start of the Cultural Revolution, when an astrophysicist watches helplessly as her father, a physics professor, is killed by members of Mao’s Red Guard for being a “reactionary academic authority.”  When the English translation of “The Three-Body Problem” was published in 2014, it was hailed as a groundbreaking work of speculative fiction.  President Barack Obama praised the novel, calling it “just wildly imaginative.”  Mark Zuckerberg recommended it to his tens of millions of Facebook followers; George R.R. Martin blogged about it.  Publishers around the world chased after translation rights, which eventually sold in 26 languages, including Turkish and Estonian.  It won the 2015 Hugo Award, one of the genre’s most prestigious honors, making Liu Cixin the first Asian author to win the prize for best novel.  It was also the first time a novel in translation had won the prize.  The book and its two sequels went on to sell nearly nine million copies worldwide.  Liu told me that he never set out to be a translator, a profession that doesn’t pay especially well.  “Translation seemed incredibly boring and technical,” he says.  In fact, it was a Chinese writer who first discovered Liu, not the other way around.  In 2009, Chen Qiufan read one of Liu’s short stories, “The Algorithms for Love,” in an online English-language sci-fi magazine, and sent Liu an email to say how much he liked it.  They kept in touch, and a year later, Chen asked Liu for his opinion on an English translation of one of his stories, which he had commissioned from a translation company. Liu wasn’t impressed and offered to edit it, but ended up redoing the translation from scratch.  The story, “The Fish of Lijiang,” takes place in a future China, where corporations manipulate their employees’ sense of the passage of time in order to boost workers’ productivity.  Liu’s translation was published in the sci-fi magazine Clarkesworld in 2011, and won the Science Fiction and Fantasy Translation Award for short fiction the following year.  Alexandra Alter  Read much more at https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/03/magazine/ken-liu-three-body-problem-chinese-science-fiction.html

Robert Burns was born in 1759, in Alloway, Scotland, to William and Agnes Brown Burnes.  Like his father, Burns was a tenant farmer.  However, toward the end of his life he became an excise collector in Dumfries, where he died in 1796; throughout his life he was also a practicing poet.  His poetry recorded and celebrated aspects of farm life, regional experience, traditional culture, class culture and distinctions, and religious practice.  He is considered the national poet of Scotland.  Although he did not set out to achieve that designation, he clearly and repeatedly expressed his wish to be called a Scots bard, to extol his native land in poetry and song, as he does in “The Answer”:  Ev’n thena wish (I mind its power); A wish, that to my latest hour; Shall strongly heave my breast; That I for poor auld Scotland’s sake Some useful plan, or book could make, Or sing a sang at least.

January 26, 2018  Between 70 and 80 people came out to the Sylvan Lake Legion to celebrate Scotland’s greatest poet, Robbie Burns.  The Legion’s 23rd annual dinner is one of thousands that take place across the world to celebrate the life and works of the prolific poet.  The night is full of music thanks to the Scottish bagpipes, dancing, poetry and food--complete with the Scottish delicacy haggis.  “If anyone tells you they don’t like haggis, they are wrong,” joked piper Michael McLetchie.  As is customary with Robbie Burns dinners, which always take place on or around Jan. 25, the haggis was piped in and “Address to a Haggis” is recited before dinner can start.  McLetchie gave an animated recital of the poem, which had the audience members enthralled.  Supper was done by the members of the Ladies Auxiliary and consisted of salad, chappit tatties (mashed potatoes with chopped greens), bashed neeps (mashed turnips with spices), pease (Middle English for peas), roast beef, haggis and an apple tart for dessert.  Highland dancers from Bain School of Dancing entertained the audience with beautiful and enthusiastic moves.  All of the young dancers at the event compete at a national level, and have many awards to accompany them.  Of the 23 years the Sylvan Lake Legion has been hosting a Robbie Burns night, the Bain School of Dancing has attended and danced for 22 years.  Over the course of the night, the event followed with a traditional program consisting of many toasts, which the Legion provided tomato juice for.  “I’m not going to say why, I’ll leave it to your imagination, just why the Scots love a toast,” Master of Ceremonies, and Sylvan Lake-Innisfail MLA Don MacIntyre said.  The night ended with the singing of the Burns classic “Auld Lang Syne” and some ceildh dancing.  Megan Roth   See graphics at https://www.sylvanlakenews.com/community/robbie-burns-day-celebrates-life-and-works-of-poet/

Richard Powers’ “The Overstory” is a fictional book about trees and a group of people who decide to defend them.  But along the way, readers also find out many surprising facts about trees’ own capabilities, including how they communicate, protect themselves and each other, and even give back to forests after death.  After finishing the novel, many readers had one question for Powers:  what books about trees did he read to inform this one?  In this article, Powers shares his bibliography for “The Overstory”–26 books that contain a wide range of information about trees, from how the American Chestnut disappeared to histories of radical forest activism.

Lyman Beecher (1775–1863) was a Presbyterian minister, American Temperance Society co-founder and leader, and the father of 13 children, many of whom became noted figures, including Harriet Beecher StoweHenry Ward BeecherCharles BeecherEdward BeecherIsabella Beecher HookerCatharine Beecher and Thomas K. Beecher.  Beecher was proverbially absent-minded, and after having been wrought up by the excitement of preaching was accustomed to relax his mind by playing "Auld Lang Syne" on the violin, or dancing the "double shuffle" in his parlor.   Link to Beecher Family Papers at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyman_Beecher

The Temperance Movement was an organized effort during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to limit or outlaw the consumption and production of alcoholic beverages in the United States.  The largest organization established to advocate temperance was the American Temperance Society.  By the mid-1830s, more than 200,000 people belonged to this organization.  The American Temperance Society published tracts and hired speakers to depict the negative effects of alcohol upon people.  The American Civil War (1861-1865) weakened the temperance movement both nationally and within Ohio, but concerns regarding alcohol usage quickly returned upon the war's conclusion.  During the late 1800s, the United States was shifting from a national economy based principally on agriculture to a more industrialized one.  Westerville, Ohio appeared on the national stage in 1909, when the Anti-Saloon League moved its headquarters to the town from Washington, D.C.  Westerville's long history of support for prohibition persuaded the organization's leadership to relocate.  As a result of its association with the Anti-Saloon League, the community earned the nickname of the "Dry Capital of the World."  The temperance advocates faced some opposition for their activities. Columbus, Cleveland, and Cincinnati city governments passed laws forbidding the marches, claiming that they impeded traffic. Ministers of some churches chastised the women for not acting in a lady-like manner.  The temperance movement continued through the late nineteenth century and into the early twentieth century. Advocates during this time period became much more politically active, primarily through their support of the Progressive Movement.  In 1919, the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution went to effect.  This amendment outlawed the production and the sale of alcohol in the United States. Prohibition remained in effect until the Twenty-First Amendment in 1933.  With the Eighteenth Amendment's repeal, organized temperance movements declined in popularity and in power.
https://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Temperance_Movement  Link to prohibition cartoons and other relevant information at https://prohibition.osu.edu/


Maria Eliza Rundell (1745-1828) was an English writer.  In 1805 when she was over 60, she sent an unedited collection of recipes and household advice to her friend John Murray, of whose family owned a publishing house.  Murray published the work, A New System of Domestic Cookery, in November 1805.  It was a huge success and several editions followed; the book sold around half a million copies in Rundell's lifetime.  The book was aimed at middle class housewives.  In addition to dealing with food preparation, it offers advice on medical remedies and how to set up a home brewery and includes a section entitled "Directions to Servants".  The book contains an early recipe for tomato sauce—possibly the first—and the first recipe in print for Scotch eggs.  Rundell also advises readers on being economical with their food and avoiding waste.  In 1819 Rundell asked Murray to stop publishing Domestic Cookery, as she was increasingly unhappy with the way the work had declined with each subsequent edition.  She wanted to issue a new edition with a new publisher.  A court case ensued, and legal wrangling between the two sides continued until 1823, when Rundell accepted Murray's offer of £2,100 for the rights to the work.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Rundell

Pistachio Semolina Cake from Eat. Cook. L.A. by Aleksandra Crapanzano.  This recipe, which is from Los Angeles chef Jessica Koslow of Sqirl, is a take on the classic Middle East nut cake.  Jessica’s version uses pistachios instead of the oft used almonds and is soaked in a Cardamom Rose Water Syrup.  The result?  A supremely moist, mysteriously fragrant sweet that gets better as the day goes on.  https://www.splendidtable.org/recipes/pistachio-semolina-cake  makes a 10-inch cake

http://librariansmuse.blogspot.com  Issue 2213  January 20, 2020

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