Tuesday, July 22, 2014

A powder horn was a container for gunpowder, and was generally created from cow, ox or buffalo horn.  The term may also be used for any personal container for gunpowder, regardless of material or shape, for which powder flask is the strictly correct term.  Typically there was a stopper at both ends, in later examples spring-loaded to close automatically for safety.  The horn was typically held by a long strap and slung over the shoulder.  The use of animal horn along with nonferrous metal parts ensured that the powder would not be detonated by sparks during storage and loading.  Horn was also naturally waterproof and already hollow inside.  In America, a number of period horns dating from the French and Indian wars throughout the American Revolution and beyond, have been preserved in private and other collections.  Many decorated examples shed light on the life and history of the individuals that used them, and can be classified as a medium of folk art.  Powder horns were often decorated, most often with engraving, making a form of scrimshaw, which was sometimes supplemented with colour, and less often with carving.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powder_horn

Keep your powder dry  Be prepared and save your resources until they are needed.  The allusion is to gunpowder which soldiers had to keep dry in order to be ready to fight when required.  This advice reputedly originated with Oliver Cromwell during his campaign in Ireland.  In Ballads of Ireland, 1856, Edward Hayes wrote:  "There is a well-authenticated anecdote of Cromwell.  On a certain occasion, when his troops were about crossing a river to attack the enemy, he concluded an address, couched in the usual fanatic terms in use among them, with these words - 'put your trust in God; but mind to keep your powder dry'."  19th century citations of the phrase invariably give the full version - trust in God and keep your powder dry. This emphasizes that the keep your powder dry was seen only as an additional insurance.

Countries of the world by size from Russia (#1) to Vatican City (#252).  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html  "Area compares the sum of all land and water areas delimited by international boundaries and/or coastlines." 

Life's Lessons in The Once and Future King  "The best thing for being sad," replied Merlyn, beginning to puff and blow, "is to learn something.  That's the only thing that never fails.  You may grow old and trembling in your anatomies, you may lie awake at night listening to the disorder of your veins, you may miss your only love, you may see the world about you devastated by evil lunatics, or know your honor trampled in the sewers of baser minds.  There is only one thing for it then -- to learn.  Learn why the world wags and what wags it.  That is the only thing, which the mind can never exhaust, never alienate, never be tortured by, never fear or distrust, and never dream of regretting.  Learning is the only thing for you.  Look what a lot of things there are to learn."   http://www.123helpme.com/view.asp?id=16370

One of the most fascinating figures in the Welsh mythology and the Arthurian legend is Merlin, the great wizard, prophet and adviser to several kings, including King Arthur.  Read about the faces, names, contradictions and controversies of Merlin at http://www.timelessmyths.com/arthurian/merlin.html

Hipster is a term popularly used to denote an international subculture primarily consisting of white millennials living in urban areas.  The subculture has been described as a "mutating, trans-Atlantic melting pot of styles, tastes and behavior[s]" and is broadly associated with indie and alternative music, a varied non-mainstream fashion sensibility (including vintage and thrift store-bought clothes), generally third party independent political views, organic and artisanal foods, and alternative lifestyles.  The term in its current usage first appeared in the 1990s and became particularly prominent in the 2010s, being derived from the term used to describe earlier movements in the 1940s.  Members of the subculture do not self-identify as hipsters, and the word hipster is often used as a pejorative to describe someone who is pretentious, overly trendy or effete.  Some analysts contend that the notion of the contemporary hipster is actually a myth created by marketing.  As hipsters, "young creatives", priced out of Bohemian urban neighborhoods in Brooklyn such as Williamsburg, Park Slope, and Greenpoint moved into suburbs near New York City such as Hastings-on-Hudson The New York Times coined the neologism "Hipsturbia" to describe the hip lifestyle as lived in suburbia.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipster_(contemporary_subculture)


Put paid to:  To deal with effectively; to finish something off.  'Put paid to' probably derives from the practice of book-keepers of writing or stamping "Paid" on bills when the paperwork for a sale was completed.  An early citation comes from the Winnipeg newspaper The Manitoba Morning Free Press, October 1905.  This appeared in a listing of English football results, which were presumably printed in a Canadian paper for the benefit of the many English immigrants: 
"Wolverhampton Wanderers put paid to Bolton's account, the scores being:  2-0"

The Everlasting Gobstopper is both a fictional brand of candy, as well as an actual confection named after the fictional product.  According to Roald Dahl's book Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, the fictional Everlasting Gobstopper is a candy that not only changes colors and flavors, but can never be finished, and never even gets smaller.  It is implied that they may also be indestructible.  Factory owner Willie Wonka explained that they were "for children with very little pocket money"  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everlasting_Gobstopper

Billy Joel will be the next recipient of the Gershwin Prize for Popular Song, the U.S. Library of Congress announced on July 22, 2014.  He joins good company — the previous honorees are Paul Simon, Stevie Wonder, Sir Paul McCartney, Carole King and the songwriting duo Burt Bacharach and Hal David.  It’s the second major Washington-based award for Joel in two years, this coming on the heels of his being named a Kennedy Center honoree last year.  Calling Joel a “storyteller of the highest order,” Librarian of Congress James H. Billington said in a statement that, “There is an intimacy to his songwriting that bridges the gap between the listener and the worlds he shares through music.  When you listen to a Billy Joel song, you know about the people and the place and what happened there.”  The prize, to be formally awarded with a luncheon and musical performance in Washington in November, is given by the Library as a lifetime achievement award to a living musical artist.  Joel, 65, has been a force in pop music since the early 1970s.  He had a dazzling string of hits over three decades, such as “Piano Man,” “New York State of Mind,” “Movin’ Out,” “Uptown Girl,” “River of Dreams,” and “Just the Way You Are.”  He has sold more records than any solo act except for Garth Brooks and Elvis Presley.  His “Scenes from an Italian Restaurant” is a massive sing-along favorite of concert crowds.  http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/style-blog/wp/2014/07/22/billy-joel-to-receive-gershwin-prize-for-popular-song-from-library-of-congress/


http://librariansmuse.blogspot.com  Issue 1174  July 23, 2014  On this date in 1888, American author  Raymond Chandler was born.  On this date in 1894, English-American actor and singer Arthur Treacher was born.    

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