Friday, December 13, 2013


We apply 'Oceania' historically to the vast insular zone stretching from the Hawaiian Islands in the north, to Indonesia in the west, coastal Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand in the south, and Easter Island in the east.  As originally conceived, Oceania embraced the Asian/Indian/Malay Archipelago or East Indies (the island of Borneo, modern Indonesia, Timor-Leste, Singapore, and the Philippines), New Guinea (modern Papua New Guinea and the Indonesian provinces of Papua and West Papua), New Holland (mainland Australia), Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania), New Zealand (Aotearoa), and the island groups of the Pacific Ocean (soon to be distributed between Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia).  The two centuries spanned by this volume comprise only a small, recent, mostly colonial fraction of the more or less immense length of human occupation of these places, estimated by archaeologists to range from as much as 65,000 years in Australia (and presumably earlier in Island Southeast Asia) to fewer than 800 years in Aotearoa.  In 1804, Edme Mentelle (1730-1815) and Conrad Malte-Brun (1775-1826) coined the name Océanique, 'Oceanica', as a more precise label for 'this fifth part of the world usually grouped under the generic name of Terres australes', or 'southern lands'.  The French term had pluralized Terra Australis incognita, the fifth continent of cartographic imagination since the early sixteenth  http://epress.anu.edu.au/foreign_bodies/mobile_devices/ar01s02.html

Tonga, officially the Kingdom of Tonga, is a Polynesian sovereign state and an archipelago comprising 176 islands with a surface area of about 750 square kilometres (290 sq mi) scattered over 700,000 square kilometres (270,000 sq mi) of the southern Pacific Ocean.  Fifty-two of these islands are inhabited by its 103,000 people.  Lengthwise, the kingdom stretches over a distance of about 800 kilometres (500 mi) in a north-south line located about a third of the distance from New Zealand to Hawaii.  It is surrounded by Fiji and Wallis and Futuna (France) to the northwest, Samoa to the northeast, Niue to the east, Kermadec (part of New Zealand) to the southwest, and New Caledonia (France) and Vanuatu to the west.  Tonga also became known as the Friendly Islands because of the congenial reception accorded to Captain James Cook on his first visit there in 1773.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonga

Sandwich Islands was the name given to the Hawaiian Islands by James Cook in the 1770s.
Sandwich Islands or Sandwich Island may also refer to:  South Sandwich Islands, an archipelago, named by James Cook, which is part of the British overseas territory of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands in the south Atlantic Ocean; Sandwich Island, a former name by James Cook of the uninhabited atoll Manuae in the Cook Islands in the South Pacific Ocean ; Sandwich Island, a former name by James Cook of Efate Island in The Republic of Vanuatu in the South Pacific Ocean.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandwich_Islands 

A tongue twister is a phrase, sentence or rhyme that presents difficulties when spoken because it contains similar sounds - Whistle for the thistle sifter, for example.  To get the full effect of a tongue twister you should try to repeat it several times, as quickly as possible, without stumbling or mispronouncing.  Tongue twisters have long been a popular form of wordplay, particularly for schoolchildren, but they also have a more serious side - being used in elocution teaching and in the treatment of some speech defects.  Find extensive list at http://thinks.com/words/tonguetwisters.htm

basketball  tongue twister  flagrant foul  http://www.breakthroughbasketball.com/basics/basics.html 

take the bitter with the sweet   Accept adversity as well as good fortune, as in Although he got the job, he hadn't counted on having to work with Matthew; he'll just have to take the bitter with the sweet.  This idiom uses bitter for "bad" and sweet for "good," a usage dating from the late 1300s.  It was first recorded in John Heywood's 1546 proverb collection.  For a synonym, see take the rough with the smooth.  http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/take+the+bitter+with+the+sweet 

The Hunger Games is set in North America near the capitol city Panem.  Panem is surrounded by twelve districts which specialize in the production of one or more goods.  Each year, the districts are forced to send one boy and one girl between the ages of 12 and 18 to participate in the Hunger Games.  During The Hunger Games the tributes are forced to fight to the death on television while the nation watches.  Katniss Everdeen is a 16 year old hunter.  She helps feed her mother and younger sister, Prim, by hunting outside the borders of their home in District 12.   Katniss’ younger sister was selected for the Hunger Games.  But Katniss stepped up and took her place.  Before the games begin, the tributes are well fed and treated like royalty.  During this Pre-Hunger Games time Katniss finds that her favorite meal served is the lamb stew with dried plums and wild rice.  Find recipe at http://paleospirit.com/2012/hunger-games-lamb-stew-with-dried-plums/   Before going to see The Hunger Games:  Catching Fire, a muse reader served the lamb stew mentioned in the trilogy.  "I served a goat cheese, honey and basil spread (before the first reaping Prim leaves Katniss "a perfect little goat cheese wrapped in basil leaves") and a chilled raspberry soup (described in Catching Fire as a "frothy pink soup dotted with raspberries").  I also bought a loaf of sourdough at a local bakery, since Peeta is the son of a baker."  Thanks, CMP.

Paraphrases from Broken* Harbor by Tana French
If you take someone down a peg, always give a way to climb back up.
Nosiness usually  beats wariness.
*Irish from breacadh for dawn or daybreak  http://www.irishdictionary.ie/dictionary 

'Bob's your uncle' is an archetypally English phrase and is so familiar here for it to have spawned jokey variants.  As 'take the Mickey' has an extended alternative 'extract the Michael',  'Bob's your uncle' is sometimes extended to 'Robert's your auntie's husband'.  'Bob's your uncle' is an exclamation that is used when 'everything is alright' and the simple means of obtaining the successful result is explained.  The expression also formed part of the lyrics of a song written by John P. Long, and published in 1931 - Follow Your Uncle Bob.  The lyrics include:  Bob's your uncle, Follow your Uncle Bob, He knows what to do, He'll look after you.  The song was sung and recorded by Florrie Forde, the celebrated music hall artiste of the early 20th century.  Find three possible stories of the phrase's origin at http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/bobs-your-uncle.html 

Eataly Chicago is dedicated to Ernest Miller Hemingway, who was born and raised just outside Chicago, in Oak Park, Illinois.  Between 1918 and 1954, Hemingway spent a considerable amount of time in Italy and "we like to think he would be happy here."    http://www.eataly.com/eataly-chicago/ 

There's no doubt the first week of Chicago's Eataly has been a success, with more than 200 people lining up on the first day.  This is the second Eataly location in the U.S.  The New York store opened in 2010 and made nearly $70 million in sales its first year.  The 63,000-square-foot mega-supermarket has 23 restaurants and more than 10,000 products on sale.  Apparently, Chicagoans love it so much that Eataly Chicago closed Dec. 9, 2013 because it ran out of food.  Megan Willett  http://www.businessinsider.com/chicagos-new-eataly-is-ran-out-of-food-2013-12 

from Jeopardy quiz show  A:  First State   Q:  What is Delaware?

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