There are methods of
baking pasta without boiling
the pasta first. You can soak the pasta for 45 minutes in warm salted water
before adding it to the other ingredients and put the mixture into the
oven. You can also add dried pasta
directly to sauce and then bake.
Recipes: http://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/secret-baked-pasta-cook-pasta-36571211
and
http://fifthflavor.blogspot.com/2009/04/how-to-cook-pasta-without-boiling.html
and http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2014-07-08/entertainment/bs-fo-recipe-finder-no-boil-pasta-20140708_1_letter-and-recipes-recipe-finder-sauce
Noodles and pasta are rich sources of carbohydrates. According to the standards published by the
National Pasta Association, noodles must contain at least 5.5% egg solids
by weight. Noodles can be added to soups
and casseroles while pasta can be made a complete meal with addition of a few
vegetables. Pasta is much lighter and, under Italian
law, can only be made with durum
wheat. Read more and link to recipes at http://www.diffen.com/difference/Noodles_vs_Pasta
The myth of Daedalus and Icarus is one of the most known and
fascinating Greek Myths, as it consists of both historical and mythical
details. While in Crete Daedalus created
the plan for the Minoan Palace of Knossos, one of the most important
archaeological sites in Crete and Greece today.
It was a magnificent architectural design and building, of 1,300 rooms,
decorated with stunning frescoes and artifacts, saved until today. The Labyrinth was a maze built by Daedalus;
King Minos wanted a building suitable to imprison the mythical monster
Minotaur, and according to the myth, he used to imprison his enemies in the
labyrinth, making sure that they would be killed by the monster. King Minos and Daedalus had great
understanding at first, but their relationships started deteriorating at some
point; there are several versions explaining this sudden change, although the
most common one is that Daedalus was the one who advised Princess Ariadne to
give Theseus the thread that helped him come out from the infamous Labyrinth,
after killing the Minotaur. Minos
imprisoned Daedalus and his son Icarus in the Labyrinth. Daedalus managed to create gigantic wings,
using branches of osier and connected them with wax. He taught Icarus how to fly, but told him to
keep away from the sun because the heat would make the wax melt, destroying the
wings. Daedalus and Icarus managed to
escape the Labyrinth and flew to the sky, free.
The flight of Daedalus and Icarus was the first time that man managed to
fight the laws of nature and beat gravity.
Although he was warned, Icarus got excited by the thrill of flying and
carried away by the amazing feeling of freedom and started flying high to
salute the sun, diving low to the sea, and then up high again. Icarus fell into the sea and drowned. The Icarian Sea, where he fell, was named
after him and there is also a nearby small island called Icaria. http://www.greekmyths-greekmythology.com/myth-of-daedalus-and-icarus/
Undoubtedly the best known
labyrinth of its
type, the beautifully preserved pavement labyrinth in Chartres Cathedral,
France, was constructed during the second decade of the 13th century. The labyrinth is 12.9 metres (42.3 ft.) in
diameter and fills the width of the nave.
While much has been written about the purpose of this labyrinth, little
contemporary documentation survives, although it is known that labyrinths in
the French cathedrals were the scene of Easter dances carried out by the
clergy. It is also popularly assumed
that they symbolise the long tortuous path that pilgrims would have followed to
visit this, and other shrines and cathedrals, during the medieval period. Many are surprised to find the labyrinth often
covered with chairs. See beautiful pictures
at http://www.labyrinthos.net/photo_library14.html
Bay Area Labyrinths by Ingrid Taylar http://sanfrancisco.about.com/od/artsentertainment/tp/bayarealabyrinths.htm
Labyrinths Across the U.S.
You may link to a worldwide locator at http://www.wellfedspirit.org/U.S._map/US_Map.html
There’s no dispute that Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia,
who died February 13, 2016 at age 79, was a polarizing figure. But the very things that made him so
divisive—his forceful opinions, his colorful behavior during oral arguments,
and his contempt for those he disagreed with—also gave him a theatrical aura. A play last year at the Arena Stage in
Washington D.C., “The Originalist,” made a fictionalized Scalia its star
character. The man tasked with
portraying the late justice was actor Edward Gero, who happens to bear an
uncanny resemblance to Justice Scalia. Still,
Gero spent a year studying Scalia, attending oral arguments, reading the
Federalist Papers and numerous biographies.
He finally met the justice only after doing enough research to have a
"substantive conversation." "He
had great mannerisms...his physical demeanor, he's predominantly
right-handed—no surprise there—but he never really used his left hand at
all," said Gero of his observations of Scalia. http://www.scpr.org/programs/the-frame/2016/02/16/46433/dc-actor-edward-gero-justice-antonin-scalia/
Harper Lee,
whose first novel, “To
Kill a Mockingbird,” about racial injustice in a small Alabama town, sold
more than 40 million copies and became one of the most beloved and most taught
works of fiction ever written by an American, died on February 19, 2016 in Monroeville, Ala., where she lived. She was 89.
The instant success of “To Kill a Mockingbird,” which was published in
1960 and won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction the next year, turned Ms. Lee into
a literary celebrity, a role she found oppressive and never learned to accept. The enormous popularity of the film
version of the novel,
released in 1962 with Gregory Peck in the starring role of Atticus Finch, a
small-town Southern lawyer who defends a black man falsely accused of raping a
white woman, only added to Ms. Lee’s fame and fanned expectations for her next
novel. But for more than half a century
a second novel failed to turn up, and Ms. Lee gained a reputation as a literary
Garbo, a recluse whose public appearances to accept an award or an honorary
degree counted as important news simply because of their rarity. Then, in February 2015, long after the reading
public had given up on seeing anything more from Ms. Lee, her publisher,
Harper, an imprint of HarperCollins, dropped a bombshell. It announced plans to publish a
manuscript—long thought to be lost and now resurfacing under mysterious
circumstances—that Ms. Lee had submitted to her editors in 1957 under the title
“Go
Set a Watchman.” Ms. Lee’s lawyer,
Tonja B. Carter, had chanced upon it, attached to an original typescript of “To
Kill a Mockingbird,” while looking through Ms. Lee’s papers, the publishers
explained. It told the story of Atticus
and his daughter, Jean Louise Finch, known as Scout, 20 years later, when Scout
is a young woman living in New York. It
included several scenes in which Atticus expresses conservative views on race
relations seemingly at odds with his liberal stance in the earlier novel. The book was published in July with an
initial printing of 2 million and, with enormous advance sales, immediately
leapt to the top of the fiction best-seller lists, despite tepid
reviews. “To Kill a Mockingbird” was
really two books in one: a sweet, often
humorous portrait of small-town life in the 1930s, and a sobering tale of race
relations in the Deep South during the Jim Crow era. It told the story of a small-town lawyer who
stands guard outside a jail to protect his client against an angry mob, a
central incident in the novel-to-be, whose title Mr. Crain changed to “Atticus”
and later, as the manuscript evolved, to “To Kill a Mockingbird.” The title refers to an incident in the novel,
in which Atticus, on giving air rifles to his two children, tells them they can
shoot at tin cans but never at a mockingbird. Scout, puzzled, learns from Miss Maudie
Atkinson, the widow across the street, that there is a proverb, “It’s a sin to
kill a mockingbird,” and the reason for it: The birds harm no one and only make beautiful
music. In the months after the novel was
published, she contributed two wispy articles to McCall’s and Vogue. To inquiring reporters, she threw out
tantalizing hints of a second novel in progress, but the months and the years
went by, and nothing appeared in print. In
one of her last interviews, with a Chicago radio show in 1964, Ms. Lee talked
in some detail about her literary ambition: to describe, in a series of novels, the world
she grew up in and now saw disappearing.
News of the rediscovery of “Go Set a Watchman” threw the literary world
into turmoil. Many critics, as well as
friends of Ms. Lee, found the timing and the rediscovery story suspicious, and
openly questioned whether Ms. Lee, who was shielded from the press by Ms.
Carter, was mentally competent to approve its publication. It remained an open question, for many
critics, whether “Go Set a Watchman” was anything more than the initial draft
of “To Kill a Mockingbird,” from which, at the behest of her editors, Ms. Lee
had excised the scenes from Scout’s childhood and developed them into a
separate book. “I was a first-time
writer, and I did what I was told,” Ms. Lee wrote in a statement issued by her
publisher in 2015. Many readers, who had
grown up idolizing Atticus, were crushed by his portrayal, 20 years on, as a
staunch defender of segregation. “The
depiction of Atticus in ‘Watchman’ makes for disturbing reading, and for
‘Mockingbird’ fans, it’s especially disorienting,” Michiko Kakutani wrote in a
review of the book in The New York Times. “Scout is shocked to find, during her trip
home, that her beloved father, who taught her everything she knows about
fairness and compassion, has been affiliating with raving anti-integrationist,
anti-black crazies, and the reader shares her horror and confusion.” In her statement, Ms. Lee, who said that she
had assumed the manuscript was lost, wrote, “After much thought and hesitation,
I shared it with a handful of people I trust and was pleased to hear that they
considered it worthy of publication.” Producer
Scott Rudin announced that he planned to bring “To Kill a Mockingbird” to
Broadway in the 2017-18 season, with the screenwriter Aaron Sorkin adapting the
novel and Bartlett Sher directing.
William Grimes
Umberto Eco (5 January 1932–19 February 2016) was an Italian novelist, essayist, literary critic, philosopher, and semiotician. He is best known for his groundbreaking 1980 historical mystery novel Il nome della rosa (The Name of the
Rose), an intellectual mystery combining semiotics in fiction, biblical analysis, medieval studies and literary theory. He later wrote other novels, including Il pendolo di Foucault (Foucault's Pendulum)
and L'isola del giorno prima (The Island
of the Day Before). His
novel Il cimitero di Praga (The Prague Cemetery),
released in 2010, was a best-seller. Eco also wrote academic texts, children's
books and essays. He was founder of the
Dipartimento di Comunicazione (Department of Media Studies) at the University
of the Republic of San Marino, President of the Scuola Superiore di
Studi Umanistici (Graduate School for the Study of the Humanities), University of
Bologna, member of the Accademia dei
Lincei, and an Honorary Fellow of Kellogg College,
Oxford. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco
Semiotics is the study of signs
and symbols and how they are used. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/semiotics
The site known as “Britain’s Pompeii” just keeps yielding more finds.
Archeologists working at
Must Farm in Peterborough, Britain, recently discovered a 3,000-year-old wheel
that has been completely preserved. It
is the first and largest example of its kind to be discovered on the isle. “This remarkable but fragile wooden wheel is
the earliest complete example ever found in Britain," said Duncan
Wilson, chief executive of Historic England, in a press release announcing the
discovery. "The existence of this wheel expands our understanding of
Late Bronze Age technology and the level of sophistication of the lives of
people living on the edge of the Fens 3,000 years ago.” Must Farm has been dubbed “Britain’s Pompeii”
because, like Pompeii in Italy, it is remarkably well-preserved from a fire
that occurred at the site approximately three thousand years ago. The site contains some of the best-preserved
historical evidence about Bronze-Age Britain. It was first discovered in 2006 and is now the
subject of a £1.1 million (approximately $1.5 million) excavation project,
which has unearthed wooden houses, bowls, and tools. Olivia Lowenberg See pictures at http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2016/0219/What-this-3-000-year-old-wheel-tells-us-about-Britain-s-Pompeii
You’ve heard of a blue moon, you’ve heard of a blood moon, but have you ever
heard of a 'snow' moon? If you haven’t, you’ll get the chance to see
one over North America’s night skies on Monday, February 22, 2016. Since the lunar cycle is about 29 days long,
February has no full moon once almost every 19 years. This year, the snow moon will be visible at
1:20 p.m. EST Monday, and maintain its full appearance into the night. It’s
called a snow moon because each full moon has a different name for the month it
falls in. For February, it’s a snow moon
since the second month of the year typically sees the highest snow average.
(January gives it close competition). Moon names trace all the way back to Native Americans
in the northern and eastern U.S., according to the Farmers’ Almanac.
Tribes made full moon names in order to
help track the seasons and make each moon unique. Another nickname for the full moon was
‘hunger’ moon. Tribes coined that name
from the brutal weather
conditions that made hunting near impossible, says Moon Connection. 'Bone' moon was also used since there
was a shortage of food and people gnawed on bones and ate bone marrow
soup. See beautiful pictures at https://weather.com/science/nature/news/february-snow-moon
http://librariansmuse.blogspot.com Issue 1430
February 22, 2016 On this date in
1853, Washington
University in St. Louis was
founded as Eliot Seminary in St. Louis, Missouri. On this date in 1855, The Pennsylvania
State University was founded in State
College, Pennsylvania as
the Farmers' High School of Pennsylvania.
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